Long-term climate impacts on breeding bird phenology in Pennsylvania, USA
| Autor: | Lucas W. DeGroote, Molly E. McDermott |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
0106 biological sciences
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences Climate Climate Change Climate change Breeding 010603 evolutionary biology 01 natural sciences Life history theory Birds biology.animal Seasonal breeder Animals Environmental Chemistry Precipitation 0105 earth and related environmental sciences General Environmental Science Global and Planetary Change Ecology biology Phenology Reproduction Pennsylvania Passerine Term (time) Productivity (ecology) Animal Migration Female Seasons |
| Zdroj: | Global Change Biology. 22:3304-3319 |
| ISSN: | 1354-1013 |
| DOI: | 10.1111/gcb.13363 |
| Popis: | Climate change is influencing bird phenology worldwide, but we still lack information on how many species are responding over long temporal periods. We assessed how climate affected passerine reproductive timing and productivity at a constant effort mist-netting station in western Pennsylvania using a model comparison approach. Several lines of evidence point to the sensitivity of 21 breeding passerines to climate change over five decades. The trends for temperature and precipitation over 53 years were slightly positive due to intraseasonal variation, with the greatest temperature increases and precipitation declines in early spring. Regardless of broodedness, migration distance, or breeding season, 13 species hatched young earlier over time with most advancing >3 days per decade. Warm springs were associated with earlier captures of juveniles for 14 species, ranging from 1- to 3-day advancement for every 1 °C increase. This timing was less likely to be influenced by spring precipitation; nevertheless, higher rainfall was usually associated with later appearance of juveniles and breeding condition in females. Temperature and precipitation were positively related to productivity for seven and eleven species, respectively, with negative relations evident for six and eight species. We found that birds fledged young earlier with increasing spring temperatures, potentially benefiting some multibrooded species. Indeed, some extended the duration of breeding in these warm years. Yet, a few species fledged fewer juveniles in warmer and wetter seasons, indicating that expected future increases could be detrimental to locally breeding populations. Although there were no clear relationships between life history traits and breeding phenology, species-specific responses to climate found in our study provide novel insights into phenological flexibility in songbirds. Our research underscores the value of long-term monitoring studies and the importance of continuing constant effort sampling in the face of climate change. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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