Comparative embryotoxicity of pulp mill extracts in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), American flagfish (Jordanella floridae) and Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes)
| Autor: | John Guchardi, Rodrigo Orrego, Douglas A. Holdway, Rachelle Krause, Lindsay Beyger |
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| Rok vydání: | 2011 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Embryo Nonmammalian animal structures Health Toxicology and Mutagenesis Oryzias Industrial Waste Aquatic Science engineering.material Cyprinodontiformes Animal science Animals Ecotoxicology Sex Ratio Behavior Animal biology business.industry Ecology Hatching Pulp (paper) Jordanella floridae Paper mill Japanese Medaka biology.organism_classification Wood Oncorhynchus mykiss embryonic structures engineering Female Rainbow trout business Water Pollutants Chemical Environmental Monitoring |
| Zdroj: | Aquatic Toxicology. 104:299-307 |
| ISSN: | 0166-445X |
| Popis: | This study evaluated the effects of Chilean pulp mill effluent extracts (untreated, primary and secondary treated pulp mill effluents), along with steroid standards (testosterone and 17β-estradiol) and a wood extractive standard (beta-sitosterol) on developing post-fertilized fish embryos. Our study included a cold freshwater species, rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), and two warm freshwater species American flagfish (Jordanella floridae) and Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes). Embryotoxicity results included delay in time to hatch and decreased hatchability but no significant egg and larvae mortality was observed in the pulp mill extract exposed embryos. By contrast, significant early hatching and increased hatchability were observed in beta-sitosterol exposed embryos, along with high mortality of testosterone exposed embryos across species. Teratogenic responses were observed in medaka embryos in all treatments. Abnormalities were detected starting at development stages 19-20 (2-4 somite stages) and included optical deformities (micro-opthalmia, 1 or 2 eyes) and lack of development of brains and hearts. Additionally, phenotypic sex identification of surviving offspring found female-biased sex-ratios in all treatments except testosterone across species. Overall, our study indicated that Chilean pulp and paper mill extractives caused embryotoxicity (post-fertilized embryos) across species and irrespective of the effluent treatment. The effects were mainly associated with delayed time to hatch, decreased hatchability, and species-specific teratogenesis. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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