Co-stimulation and counter-stimulation: lipid raft clustering controls TCR signaling and functional outcomes
| Autor: | Miriana Moran, C D Chung, T Low, M. C. Miceli, V P Patel, W Zinnanti |
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| Rok vydání: | 2001 |
| Předmět: |
T cell
T-Lymphocytes Immunology Receptors Antigen T-Cell Biology Lymphocyte Activation Immunological synapse Cell membrane Membrane Microdomains medicine Immunology and Allergy Cytotoxic T cell Animals Humans Phosphorylation Antigen-presenting cell Lipid raft Cytoskeleton Binding Sites T-cell receptor Cell Membrane Protein-Tyrosine Kinases Actin cytoskeleton Cell biology Cell Compartmentation medicine.anatomical_structure Self Tolerance Tyrosine Signal Transduction |
| Zdroj: | Seminars in immunology. 13(2) |
| ISSN: | 1044-5323 |
| Popis: | T cell receptor (TCR) antigen recognition induces the formation of a specialized 'immunological synapse' at the T cell : antigen presenting cell (APC) junction. This junction is generated by the recruitment and exclusion of particular proteins from the contact area and is required for T cell activation. We and others have hypothesized that lipid raft/non-raft partitioning provides a molecular basis for protein sorting which organizes the TCR, co-stimulators, signal transducers and the actin cytoskeleton at the T cell : APC interface. Here we discuss the emerging paradigm that co-stimulators induce the directional transport and clustering of lipid rafts at the T cell : APC interface, thus generating platform(s) specialized for processive and sustained TCR signal transduction and T cell activation. We also discuss recent data implicating the involvement of 'counter-stimulators' and other negative regulators which prevent optimal raft clustering at the TCR contact site and, thus, facilitate T cell inactivation and tolerance induction. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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