Removal of perfluoroalkanesulfonic acids (PFSAs) from synthetic and natural groundwater by electrocoagulation
| Autor: | Yang Liu, Xin Wang, Wen-Jing Yu, Yan-Fang Duan, Zhi-Qun Liu, Jia Bao |
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| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
China
Environmental Engineering Health Toxicology and Mutagenesis medicine.medical_treatment 0208 environmental biotechnology 02 engineering and technology 010501 environmental sciences 01 natural sciences Electrocoagulation chemistry.chemical_compound medicine Environmental Chemistry Groundwater Perfluorohexane Environmental Restoration and Remediation 0105 earth and related environmental sciences Fluorocarbons Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health Perfluorobutane sulfonate General Medicine General Chemistry Pollution 020801 environmental engineering Perfluorooctane Sulfonate chemistry Alkanesulfonic Acids Environmental chemistry Hydroxide Water Pollutants Chemical |
| Zdroj: | Chemosphere. 248 |
| ISSN: | 1879-1298 |
| Popis: | Severe contaminations of perfluoroalkanesulfonic acids (PFSAs) existed in the natural groundwater beneath a fluorochemical industrial park (FIP) in Fuxin of China. In the present study, systematic researches were performed to determine the best conditions of efficient treatment for 1 mg L−1 of PFSAs in the synthetic groundwater samples with the periodically reverse electrocoagulation (PREC) using the Al–Zn electrodes. Based upon the orthogonal experiments, the removal efficiencies of perfluorobutane sulfonate (PFBS), perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS), and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) could reach 87.4%, 95.6%, and 100%, respectively, within the initial 10 min, under the optimal conditions of voltage at 12.0 V, pH at 7.0, and stirring speed at 400 rpm. In addition, the optimized PREC technique was further applied to remove the PFSA contaminations from the natural groundwater samples of the Fuxin FIP, subsequently generating the removal efficiencies of three target PFSA analytes in the range between 59.0% and 100% at 60 min. Moreover, the SEM-EDS analyses showed the hydroxide flocs formed during the process of PREC treatment had clear characteristics of floc aggregates, with the major constituents of O, Al, C, N, Zn, and F elements. As a result, long-chain PFHxS and PFOS tended to be eliminated completely from the natural groundwater by their absorptions on the Al–Zn hydroxide flocs, potentially because of their higher hydrophobicity compared with short-chain PFBS. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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