Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Cardiovascular Disease - A New Target for Treatment
| Autor: | Mariano Edoardo Crapa, Giuseppe Fiorenzano, Maria Cristina Basili, Giuseppe Schillaci, Francesca Battista, Yahya Alrashdi, Giacomo Pucci |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2015 |
| Předmět: |
medicine.medical_specialty
Sleep Apnea medicine.medical_treatment Heart failure Hypoxemia Risk Factors Internal medicine Drug Discovery Animals Humans Medicine Endothelial dysfunction Continuous positive airway pressure Pharmacology Sleep Apnea Obstructive Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Obstructive business.industry Apnea Sleep apnea Cardiovascular diseases Coronary heart disease Hypertension Obstructive sleep apnea Stroke Cardiovascular Diseases Patient Compliance Sleep medicine.disease nervous system diseases respiratory tract diseases Blood pressure Anesthesia Cardiology Cardiovascular diseases coronary heart disease endothelial dysfunction heart failure hypertension obstructive sleep apnea stroke medicine.symptom business Hypopnea |
| Zdroj: | Current Pharmaceutical Design. 21:3496-3504 |
| ISSN: | 1381-6128 |
| DOI: | 10.2174/1381612821666150706110544 |
| Popis: | Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is characterized by recurrent episodes of partial (hypopnea) or complete interruption (apnea) in breathing during sleep due to airway collapse in the oral or pharyngeal region. Prospective studies have established the adverse cardiovascular consequences of OSA, including an increased risk for developing hypertension, coronary artery disease, stroke, and heart failure. However, more studies are needed to better assess the impact of OSA, and possible benefit of treatment with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) on cardiovascular mortality. The leading pathophysiological mechanisms involved in the changes triggered by OSA include intermittent hypoxemia and re-oxygenation, arousals and changes in intrathoracic pressure. Hypertension is strongly related with activation of the sympathetic nervous system, stimulation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and endothelial dysfunction. OSA should be suspected in hypertensive individuals, particularly in patients with resistant hypertension. CPAP treatment reduces blood pressure, and its effects are more pronounced in patients with high baseline blood pressure and elevated treatment compliance. At present, no clear evidence supports CPAP treatment for primary or secondary cardiovascular disease prevention. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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