Speed of sound in cosmological phase transitions and effect on gravitational waves
| Autor: | Tuomas V. I. Tenkanen, Jorinde van de Vis |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2022 |
| Předmět: |
velocity
acoustic Nuclear and High Energy Physics Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO) fermion family FOS: Physical sciences thermal [plasma] pressure High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph) Cosmology of Theories BSM acoustic [velocity] critical phenomena [electroweak interaction] ddc:530 plasma: thermal electroweak interaction: critical phenomena correction: higher-order Early Universe Particle Physics family [fermion] higher-order [correction] hybrid fermion: family bubble plasma thermal gravitational radiation suppression electroweak interaction critical phenomena velocity: acoustic High Energy Physics - Phenomenology Phase Transitions in the Early Universe correction higher-order Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics |
| Zdroj: | Journal of High Energy Physics Journal of high energy physics 08(8), 302 (2022). doi:10.1007/JHEP08(2022)302 |
| DOI: | 10.3204/PUBDB-2022-02752 |
| Popis: | Journal of high energy physics 08(8), 302 (2022). doi:10.1007/JHEP08(2022)302 The energy budget for gravitational waves of a cosmological first order phase transitions depends on the speed of sound in the thermal plasma in both phases around the bubble wall. Working in the real-singlet augmented Standard Model, which admits a strong two-step electroweak phase transition, we compute higher order corrections to the pressure and sound speed. We compare our result to lower-order approximations to the sound speed and the energy budget and investigate the impact on the gravitational wave signal. We find that deviations in the speed of sound from $ {c}_s^2 $ = 1/3 are enhanced up to $ \mathcal{O} $(5%) in our higher-order computation. This results in a suppression in the energy budget of up to $ \mathcal{O} $(50%) compared to approximations assuming $ {c}_s^2 $ = 1/3. The effect is most significant for hybrid and detonation solutions. We generalise our discussion to the case of multiple inert scalars and the case of a reduced number of fermion families in order to mimic hypothetical dark sector phase transitions. In this sector with modified field content, the sound speed can receive significant suppression, with potential order-of-magnitude impact on the gravitational wave amplitude. Published by SISSA, [Trieste] |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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