Neuroimaging evidence for structural correlates in adolescents resilient to polysubstance use: A five-year follow-up study
| Autor: | Tomáš Paus, Pauline Frère, Christian Büchel, Herve Lemaitre, Michael N. Smolka, Gunter Schumann, Frauke Nees, Sylvane Desrivières, Andreas Heinz, Arun L.W. Bokde, Louise Poustka, Tobias Banaschewski, Stella Guldner, Eric Artiges, Hélène Vulser, Christian Massot, Herta Flor, Rubén Miranda-Marcos, Hugh Garavan, Dimitri Papadopoulos-Orfanos, Pascal Zille, Patricia J. Conrod, Jean-Luc Martinot, Henrik Walter, Erin Burke Quinlan, Stefan Heintz, Robert Whelan, Nora C. Vetter, Penny A. Gowland, Laura S. Daedelow, Christian Trichard, Irina Filippi, André Galinowski, Marie-Laure Paillère-Martinot, Uli Bromberg |
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| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Adolescent Substance-Related Disorders media_common.quotation_subject Neuroimaging Grey matter Young Adult 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Gyrus Fractional anisotropy Humans Medicine Personality Pharmacology (medical) Biological Psychiatry media_common Pharmacology business.industry Addiction Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging 030227 psychiatry Alcoholism Psychiatry and Mental health medicine.anatomical_structure Neurology Polysubstance dependence Cohort Neurology (clinical) business 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Follow-Up Studies Clinical psychology |
| Zdroj: | European Neuropsychopharmacology. 49:11-22 |
| ISSN: | 0924-977X |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2021.03.001 |
| Popis: | Early initiation of polysubstance use (PSU) is a strong predictor of subsequent addiction, however scarce individuals present resilience capacity. This neuroimaging study aimed to investigate structural correlates associated with cessation or reduction of PSU and determine the extent to which brain structural features accounted for this resilient outcome. Participants from a European community-based cohort self-reported their alcohol, tobacco and cannabis use frequency at ages 14, 16 and 19 and had neuroimaging sessions at ages 14 and 19. We included three groups in the study: the resilient-to-PSU participants showed PSU at 16 and/or 14 but no more at 19 (n = 18), the enduring polysubstance users at 19 displayed PSU continuation from 14 or 16 (n = 193) and the controls were abstinent or low drinking participants (n = 460). We conducted between-group comparisons of grey matter volumes on whole brain using voxel-based morphometry and regional fractional anisotropy using tract-based spatial statistics. Random-forests machine-learning approach generated individual-level PSU-behavior predictions based on personality and neuroimaging features. Adolescents resilient to PSU showed significant larger grey matter volumes in the bilateral cingulate gyrus compared with enduring polysubstance users and controls at ages 19 and 14 (p0.05 corrected) but no difference in fractional anisotropy. The larger cingulate volumes and personality trait "openness to experience" were the best precursors of resilience to PSU. Early in adolescence, a larger cingulate gyrus differentiated adolescents resilient to PSU, and this feature was critical in predicting this outcome. This study encourages further research into the neurobiological bases of resilience to addictive behaviors. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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