Wall teichoic acids of Staphylococcus aureus limit recognition by the drosophila peptidoglycan recognition protein-SA to promote pathogenicity
| Autor: | Marcus Glittenberg, Magda L. Atilano, Petros Ligoxygakis, Sergio R. Filipe, James Yates |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
lcsh:Immunologic diseases. Allergy
Staphylococcus aureus Gram-positive bacteria Immunology Peptidoglycan Biology medicine.disease_cause Staphylococcal infections Microbiology Cell wall 03 medical and health sciences chemistry.chemical_compound Model Organisms Cell Wall Virology Molecular Cell Biology Genetics medicine Animals Drosophila Proteins Receptor Molecular Biology lcsh:QH301-705.5 030304 developmental biology 0303 health sciences Teichoic acid Innate immune system 030306 microbiology Staphylococcal Infections medicine.disease biology.organism_classification Immunity Innate Anti-Bacterial Agents Teichoic Acids Drosophila melanogaster Infectious Diseases chemistry lcsh:Biology (General) Medicine Parasitology Carrier Proteins lcsh:RC581-607 Research Article |
| Zdroj: | PLoS Pathogens, Vol 7, Iss 12, p e1002421 (2011) PLoS Pathogens |
| DOI: | 10.1371/journal.ppat.1002421 |
| Popis: | The cell wall of Gram-positive bacteria is a complex network of surface proteins, capsular polysaccharides and wall teichoic acids (WTA) covalently linked to Peptidoglycan (PG). The absence of WTA has been associated with a reduced pathogenicity of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). Here, we assessed whether this was due to increased detection of PG, an important target of innate immune receptors. Antibiotic-mediated or genetic inhibition of WTA production in S. aureus led to increased binding of the non-lytic PG Recognition Protein-SA (PGRP-SA), and this was associated with a reduction in host susceptibility to infection. Moreover, PGRP-SD, another innate sensor required to control wild type S. aureus infection, became redundant. Our data imply that by using WTA to limit access of innate immune receptors to PG, under-detected bacteria are able to establish an infection and ultimately overwhelm the host. We propose that different PGRPs work in concert to counter this strategy. Author Summary Gram-positive bacteria such as the opportunistic pathogen Staphylococcus aureus have their cell wall exposed to the environment found within a host. Following an infection these bacteria need to find ways to evade or reduce recognition by the host in order to survive and potentially proliferate. The cell wall of Gram-positive bacterium consists of an intricate network of glycan chains cross-linked by short peptides called peptidoglycan (PG; a major target for host recognition in a variety of animals) covalently linked to surface proteins and glycopolymers including Wall Teichoic Acids (WTA). It has been proposed that lack of WTA reduce the pathogenicity of S. aureus. We asked whether this was due to better recognition of PG. We found that both bacterial recognition and survival of fruit flies (our model host) infected with bacteria lacking WTA was markedly increased compared to those infected with wild type S. aureus. This result was quantifiable: a reduction in the amount of WTA resulted in greater binding by host receptors and a higher host survival. We propose that the presence of WTA limit access to PG and therefore reduce the recognition ability of the host. Bacteria are thus able to increase in numbers and eventually overwhelm the host. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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