Associations between temperament and gene polymorphisms in the brain dopaminergic system and the adrenal gland of sheep

Autor: Dominique Blache, Xiaoyan Qiu, Graeme Martin, Jason Ledger, Chen Zheng
Rok vydání: 2015
Předmět:
0301 basic medicine
Cortisol secretion
Genetic Markers
medicine.medical_specialty
Genotype
Hydrocortisone
media_common.quotation_subject
Experimental and Cognitive Psychology
Single-nucleotide polymorphism
Adrenocorticotropic hormone
Motor Activity
Polymorphism
Single Nucleotide
03 medical and health sciences
Behavioral Neuroscience
0302 clinical medicine
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone
Internal medicine
Adrenal Glands
medicine
Animals
Temperament
Monoamine Oxidase
media_common
Genetics
Sheep
biology
Receptors
Dopamine D2
Dopaminergic Neurons
Dopaminergic
Receptors
Dopamine D4
Brain
Steroid 17-alpha-Hydroxylase
030104 developmental biology
Endocrinology
Genetic marker
biology.protein
Female
Pituitary-Adrenal Function Tests
Monoamine oxidase A
030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Animals
Inbred Strains
Zdroj: Physiologybehavior. 153
ISSN: 1873-507X
Popis: Sheep of calm or nervous temperament differ in their physiological (cortisol secretion) and behavioural (motor activity) responses to stressors, perhaps due to variation in genes that regulate glucocorticoid synthesis or brain dopamine activity. Using ewes that had been selected over 20 generations for nervous (n=58) or calm (n=59) temperament, we confirmed the presence of a polymorphism in a gene specifically involved in cortisol production (CYP17), and identified polymorphisms in three genes specifically associated with personality and behavioural traits: dopamine receptors 2 and 4 (DRD2, DRD4), and monoamine oxidase A (MAOA). The calm and nervous lines differed in their frequencies of CYP17 SNP628 (single nucleotide A-G mutation at position 628) and DRD2 SNP939 (single nucleotide T-C mutation at position 939), but not for other SNPs detected in DRD2 or MAOA. In a second experiment, we then genotyped a large, non-selected flock of ewes for DRD2 SNP939 and CYP17 SNP628. Responses to the 'arena' and 'isolation box' challenges were associated with the DRD2 SNP939 genotype and the response to ACTH challenge was associated with the CYP17 SNP628 genotype. We conclude that, for sheep, a combination of the DRD2 SNP939 C allele and the CYP17 SNP628 A/A genotype could be used as a genetic marker for nervous temperament, and that a combination of DRD2 SNP939 T/T and CYP17 SNP628 G/G could be used as a genetic marker for calm temperament.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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