Multi-Technique Investigation of Grave Robes from 17th and 18th Century Crypts Using Combined Spectroscopic, Spectrometric Techniques, and New-Generation Sequencing
| Autor: | Martyna Mroczyńska, Anna Brillowska-Dąbrowska, Jakub Karczewski, Anna Drążkowska, Magdalena Śliwka-Kaszyńska, Anna Marzec, Przemysław Rybiński, Marek Ślebioda |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Technology
Cochineal Textile Electrospray ionization 02 engineering and technology Tandem mass spectrometry 01 natural sciences Indigo Article mordants tandem mass spectrometry natural dyes grave robes next-generation sequencing General Materials Science Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy Microscopy QC120-168.85 Chromatography biology business.industry Chemistry QH201-278.5 010401 analytical chemistry Mordant Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology biology.organism_classification TK1-9971 0104 chemical sciences SILK Descriptive and experimental mechanics Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering TA1-2040 0210 nano-technology business |
| Zdroj: | Materials; Volume 14; Issue 13; Pages: 3535 Materials Materials, Vol 14, Iss 3535, p 3535 (2021) |
| ISSN: | 1996-1944 |
| DOI: | 10.3390/ma14133535 |
| Popis: | The textile fragments of the funeral clothes found in the 17th and 18th century crypts were subjected to spectroscopic, spectrometric, and microbial investigation. The next-generation sequencing enabled DNA identification of microorganisms at the genus and in five cases to the species level. The soft hydrofluoric acid extraction method was optimized to isolate different classes of dyes from samples that had direct contact with human remains. High-performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode matrix and tandem mass spectrometry detectors with electrospray ionization (HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS/MS) enabled the detection and identification of 34 colourants that are present in historical textiles. Some of them are thus far unknown and uncommon dyes. Indigo, madder, cochineal, turmeric, tannin-producing plant, and young fustic were identified as sources of dyes in textiles. Scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray detector (SEM-EDS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) were used to identify and characterize fibres and mordants in funeral gowns. Of the 23 textile samples tested, 19 were silk while the remaining four were recognized as wool. The presence of iron, aluminium, sodium, and calcium suggests that they were used as mordants. Traces of copper, silica, and magnesium might originate from the contaminants. The large amount of silver indicated the presence of metal wire in one of the dyed silk textiles. SEM images showed that textile fibres were highly degraded. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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