Transmission of the Lyme Disease Spirochete Borrelia mayonii in Relation to Duration of Attachment by Nymphal Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae)
| Autor: | J. Charles Hoxmeier, Karen A. Boegler, Nicole E. Breuner, Adam J. Replogle, Lars Eisen, Marc C. Dolan, Andrias Hojgaard |
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| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
Nymph
0301 basic medicine Time Factors 030231 tropical medicine Biology Tick Mice 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Lyme disease Borrelia mayonii medicine Animals Acari Borrelia burgdorferi Probability Lyme Disease Ixodes General Veterinary Borrelia Vector/Pathogen/Host Interaction Transmission bacterial infections and mycoses biology.organism_classification medicine.disease Virology 030104 developmental biology Infectious Diseases Ixodes scapularis Insect Science Arachnid Vectors Female Parasitology Ixodidae |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Medical Entomology. 54:1360-1364 |
| ISSN: | 1938-2928 0022-2585 |
| DOI: | 10.1093/jme/tjx089 |
| Popis: | The recently recognized Lyme disease spirochete, Borrelia mayonii, has been detected in host-seeking Ixodes scapularis Say ticks and is associated with human disease in the Upper Midwest. Although experimentally shown to be vector competent, studies have been lacking to determine the duration of time from attachment of a single B. mayonii-infected I. scapularis nymph to transmission of spirochetes to a host. If B. mayonii spirochetes were found to be transmitted within the first 24 h after tick attachment, in contrast to Borrelia burgdorferi spirochetes (>24 h), then current recommendations for tick checks and prompt tick removal as a way to prevent transmission of Lyme disease spirochetes would need to be amended. We therefore conducted a study to determine the probability of transmission of B. mayonii spirochetes from single infected nymphal I. scapularis ticks to susceptible experimental mouse hosts at three time points postattachment (24, 48, and 72 h) and for a complete feed (>72–96 h). No evidence of infection with or exposure to B. mayonii occurred in mice that were fed upon by a single infected nymph for 24 or 48 h. The probability of transmission by a single infected nymphal tick was 31% after 72 h of attachment and 57% for a complete feed. In addition, due to unintended simultaneous feeding upon some mice by two B. mayonii-infected nymphs, we recorded a single occasion in which feeding for 48 h by two infected nymphs resulted in transmission and viable infection in the mouse. We conclude that the duration of attachment of a single infected nymphal I. scapularis tick required for transmission of B. mayonii appears to be similar to that for B. burgdorferi: transmission is minimal for the first 24 h of attachment, rare up to 48 h, but then increases distinctly by 72 h postattachment. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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