The β-lactam antibiotic, ceftriaxone, dramatically improves survival, increases glutamate uptake and induces neurotrophins in stroke
| Autor: | Maxim Krikov, Christian Neumann, Heide Hörtnagl, Heiko Funke-Kaiser, Arno Villringer, Ulrike Muscha Steckelings, Kay Rumschüssel, Kristin Lucht, Christa Thöne-Reineke, Kristin Schmerbach, Michael Godes, Jan H. Schefe, Pawel Namsolleck, Thomas Unger, Susanne Müller |
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| Rok vydání: | 2008 |
| Předmět: |
Brain Infarction
Male Physiology Ischemia Glutamic Acid Pharmacology Body Temperature Internal Medicine medicine Animals Nerve Growth Factors RNA Messenger Rats Wistar Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Stroke Antibacterial agent biology Interleukin-6 business.industry Ceftriaxone Glutamate receptor Brain Beta lactam antibiotic medicine.disease Anti-Bacterial Agents Rats Survival Rate Cerebrovascular Disorders Disease Models Animal Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2 nervous system Regional Blood Flow Anesthesia biology.protein Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine business medicine.drug Neurotrophin |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Hypertension. 26:2426-2435 |
| ISSN: | 0263-6352 |
| Popis: | Ceftriaxone has been reported to reduce neuronal damage in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and in an in-vitro model of neuronal ischaemia through increased expression and activity of the glutamate transporter, GLT1. We tested the effects of ceftriaxone on mortality, neurological outcome, and infarct size in experimental stroke in rats and looked for underlying mechanisms.Male normotensive Wistar rats received ceftriaxone (200 mg/kg intraperitoneal) as a single injection 90 min after middle cerebral artery occlusion (90 min with reperfusion). Forty-eight hours after middle cerebral artery occlusion, infarct size (MRI) and neurological deficits were estimated. GLT1 expression was determined by real time RT-PCR, immunoblotting and promoter reporter assay, astrocyte GLT1 activity by measuring glutamate uptake. Bacterial load in various organs was measured by real time RT-PCR, neurotrophins and IL-6 by immunoblotting.Ceftriaxone dramatically reduced early (24-h) mortality from 34.5% (vehicle treatment, n = 29) to 0% (P0.01, n = 19). In a subgroup, followed up for 4 weeks, mortality persisted at 0%. Ceftriaxone strongly tended to reduce infarct size, it significantly improved neuronal survival within the penumbra, reduced neurological deficits (P0.001) and led to an upregulation of neurotrophins (P0.01) in the peri-infarct zone. Ceftriaxone did not increase GLT1 expression, but increased GLT1 activity (P0.05).Ceftriaxone causes a significant reduction in acute stroke mortality in a poststroke treatment regimen in animal studies. Improved neurological performance and survival may be due to neuroprotection by activation of GLT1 and a stimulation of neurotrophins resulting in an increased number of surviving neurons in the penumbra. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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