AF150(S) and AF267B
Autor: | Niva Natan, Itzhak Marcovitch, Rachel Haring Nira Bar-Ner, Hagar Sonego, Michal Kliger-Spatz, Abraham Fisher, Rachel Brandeis, Zipora Pittel |
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Rok vydání: | 2002 |
Předmět: |
medicine.medical_specialty
Tau protein Drug Evaluation Preclinical Hyperphosphorylation Morris water navigation task Apoptosis tau Proteins Muscarinic Agonists Hippocampus PC12 Cells Mice Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience Cognition Piperidines Alzheimer Disease Internal medicine Nerve Growth Factor Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor medicine Animals Spiro Compounds Phosphorylation Maze Learning Cerebral Cortex Rivastigmine Amyloid beta-Peptides Cell Death Epidermal Growth Factor biology Receptor Muscarinic M1 Water General Medicine medicine.disease Receptors Muscarinic Rats Astrogliosis Oxidative Stress Thiazoles Nerve growth factor Endocrinology Spinal Cord Models Animal biology.protein Psychology Neurotrophin medicine.drug |
Zdroj: | Journal of Molecular Neuroscience. 19:145-153 |
ISSN: | 1559-1166 0895-8696 |
Popis: | The M1 muscarinic agonists AF102B (Cevimeline, EVOXACTM: prescribed in USA and Japan for Sjogren's Syndrome), AF150(S) and AF267B--1) are neurotrophic and synergistic with neurotrophins such as nerve growth factor and epidermal growth factor; 2) elevate the non-amyloidogenic amyloid precursor protein (alpha-APPs) in vitro and decrease beta-amyloid (A beta) levels in vitro and in vivo; and 3) inhibit A beta- and oxidative-stress-induced cell death and apoptosis in PC12 cells transfected with the M1 muscarinic receptor. These effects can be combined with the beneficial effects of these compounds on some other major hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD) (e.g. tau hyperphosphorylation and paired helical filaments [PHF]; and loss of cholinergic function conducive to cognitive impairments.) These drugs restored cognitive impairments in several animal models for AD, mimicking different aspects of AD, with a high safety margin (e.g. AF150[S]1500 and AF267B4500). Notably, these compounds show a high bioavailability and a remarkable preference for the brain vs. plasma following p.o. administration. In mice with small hippocampi, unlike rivastigmine and nicotine, AF150(S) and AF267B restored cognitive impairments also on escape latency in a Morris water maze paradigm in reversal learning. Furthermore, in aged and cognitively impaired microcebes (a natural animal model that mimics AD pathology and cognitive impairments), prolonged treatment with AF150(S) restored cognitive and behavioral impairments and decreased tau hyperphosphorylation, PHF and astrogliosis. Our M1 agonists, alone or in polypharmacy, may present a unique therapy in AD due to their beneficial effects on major hallmarks of AD. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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