Clinical Features of Human Immunodeficiency Virus–Infected Patients Presenting with Cholera in Port-au-Prince, Haiti
| Autor: | Marie Marcelle Mabou, Oksana Ocheretina, Grace Seo, Claudin Bertil, Daniel W. Fitzgerald, Karine Severe, Stravinsky Benedict Anglade, Patrice Joseph, Jean W. Pape, Aynsley Duncan, Lindsey K Reif, Alexandra Deroncenay |
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| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
Male
HIV Infections medicine.disease_cause Feces 0302 clinical medicine Cholera Prevalence Medicine Longitudinal Studies Prospective Studies 030212 general & internal medicine Young adult Prospective cohort study Vibrio cholerae Doxycycline Dehydration Coinfection virus diseases Articles Middle Aged Infectious Diseases Acute Disease Vomiting Female medicine.symptom medicine.drug Adult Diarrhea medicine.medical_specialty Adolescent 030231 tropical medicine Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Young Adult 03 medical and health sciences Virology Internal medicine Severity of illness Humans Epidemics Aged business.industry HIV medicine.disease Haiti Parasitology business Follow-Up Studies |
| Zdroj: | The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. 95:999-1003 |
| ISSN: | 1476-1645 0002-9637 |
| Popis: | Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection has been postulated to alter the natural history of cholera, including increased susceptibility to infection, severity of illness, and chronic carriage of Vibrio cholerae. Haiti has a generalized HIV epidemic with an adult HIV prevalence of 1.9% and recently suffered a cholera epidemic. We conducted a prospective study at the cholera treatment center (CTC) of GHESKIO in Haiti to characterize the coinfection. Adults admitted at the CTC for acute diarrhea were invited to participate in the study. Vital signs, frequency, and volume of stools and/or vomiting were monitored, and single-dose doxycycline was administered. After counseling, participants were screened for HIV by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and for cholera by culture. Of 729 adults admitted to the CTC, 99 (13.6%) had HIV infection, and 457 (63%) had culture-confirmed cholera. HIV prevalence was three times higher in patients without cholera (23%, 63/272) than in those with culture-confirmed cholera (7.9%, 36/457). HIV prevalence in patients with culture-confirmed cholera (7.9%) was four times higher than the adult prevalence in Port-au-Prince (1.9%). Of the 36 HIV-infected patients with cholera, 25 (69%) had moderate/severe dehydration versus 302/421 (72%) in the HIV negative. Of 30 HIV-infected patients with weekly stool cultures performed after discharge, 29 (97%) were negative at week 1. Of 50 HIV-negative patients with weekly stool cultures, 49 (98%) were negative at week 1. In countries with endemic HIV infection, clinicians should consider screening patients presenting with suspected cholera for HIV coinfection. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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