On the relationship between maxillary molar root shape and jaw kinematics in Australopithecus africanus and Paranthropus robustus
| Autor: | Viviana Toro-Ibacache, Gabriele A. Macho, Kornelius Kupczik |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
0106 biological sciences
paranthropus boisei Niche 010603 evolutionary biology 01 natural sciences dietary ecology Paranthropus robustus Monophyly 0601 history and archaeology tooth root splay lcsh:Science Australopithecus africanus Ecological niche 060101 anthropology Multidisciplinary biology 06 humanities and the arts australopithecus africanus biology.organism_classification paranthropus robustus Evolutionary biology Maxillary molar Paranthropus lcsh:Q Paranthropus boisei plio-pleistocene hominins |
| Zdroj: | Royal Society Open Science, Vol 5, Iss 8 (2018) Royal Society Open Science |
| ISSN: | 2054-5703 |
| DOI: | 10.1098/rsos.180825 |
| Popis: | Plio-Pleistocene hominins from South Africa remain poorly understood. Here, we focus on how Australopithecus africanus and Paranthropus robustus exploited and—in part—partitioned their environment. Specifically, we explore the extent to which first maxillary molar roots (M 1 ) are oriented and thus, by proxy, estimate the direction of loads habitually exerted on the chewing surface. Landmark-based shape analysis of M 1 root reconstructions of 26 South African hominins and three East African Paranthropus boisei suggest that A. africanus may have been able to dissipate the widest range of laterally directed loads. Paranthropus robustus and P. boisei , despite having overlapping morphologies, differ in aspects of root shape/size, dento-cranial morphologies, microwear textures and C4 food consumption. Hence, while Paranthropus monophyly cannot be excluded, equivalence of dietary niche can. The South African hominins occupied distinct ecological niches, whereby P. robustus appears uniquely adapted to dissipate antero-posteriorly directed loads. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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