Current Efavirenz (EFV) or Ritonavir-Boosted Lopinavir (LPV/r) Use Correlates with Elevate Markers of Atherosclerosis in HIV-Infected Subjects in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| Autor: | Wondwossen Amogne, Rudolph L. Gleason, Getachew Assefa, Brani Vidakovic, Ivana Parker, Helena Getenet, Daniel Seifu, Alexander W. Caulk |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2015 |
| Předmět: |
Cyclopropanes
Male Lipodystrophy lcsh:Medicine Blood Pressure HIV Infections Carotid Intima-Media Thickness Lopinavir chemistry.chemical_compound Heart Rate lcsh:Science Pulse wave velocity Multidisciplinary medicine.diagnostic_test Complete blood count Middle Aged C-Reactive Protein Alkynes cardiovascular system Cardiology Female Research Article medicine.drug Adult medicine.medical_specialty Efavirenz Anti-HIV Agents Pulse Wave Analysis Internal medicine medicine Humans Nevirapine cardiovascular diseases Triglycerides Ritonavir business.industry Cholesterol HDL lcsh:R Cholesterol LDL Atherosclerosis medicine.disease Benzoxazines Blood pressure chemistry Case-Control Studies Immunology HIV-1 Arterial stiffness lcsh:Q Ethiopia business Biomarkers Dyslipidemia |
| Zdroj: | PLoS ONE, Vol 10, Iss 4, p e0117125 (2015) PLoS ONE |
| ISSN: | 1932-6203 |
| DOI: | 10.1371/journal.pone.0117125 |
| Popis: | Background HIV patients on antiretroviral therapy have shown elevated incidence of dyslipidemia, lipodystrophy, and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Most studies, however, focus on cohorts from developed countries, with less data available for these co-morbidities in Ethiopia and sub-Saharan Africa. Methods Adult HIV-negative (n = 36), treatment naive (n = 51), efavirenz (EFV)-treated (n = 91), nevirapine (NVP)-treated (n = 95), or ritonavir-boosted lopinavir (LPV/r)-treated (n=44) subjects were recruited from Black Lion Hospital in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Aortic pressure, augmentation pressure, and pulse wave velocity (PWV) were measured via applanation tonometry and carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) and carotid arterial stiffness, and brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD) were measured via non-invasive ultrasound. Body mass index, waist-to-hip circumference ratio (WHR), skinfold thickness, and self-reported fat redistribution were used to quantify lipodystrophy. CD4+ cell count, plasma HIV RNA levels, fasting glucose, total-, HDL-, and LDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, hsCRP, sVCAM-1, sICAM-1, leptin and complete blood count were measured. Results PWV and normalized cIMT were elevate and FMD impaired in EFV- and LPV/r-treated subjects compared to NVP-treated subjects; normalized cIMT was also elevated and FMD impaired in the EFV- and LPV/r-treated subjects compared to treatment-naive subjects. cIMT was not statistically different across groups. Treated subjects exhibited elevated markers of dyslipidemia, inflammation, and lipodystrophy. PWV was associated with age, current EFV and LPV/r used, heart rate, blood pressure, triglycerides, LDL, and hsCRP, FMD with age, HIV duration, WHR, and glucose, and cIMT with age, current EFV use, skinfold thickness, and blood pressure. Conclusions Current EFV- or LPV/r-treatment, but not NVP-treatment, correlated with elevated markers of atherosclerosis, which may involve mechanisms distinct from traditional risk factors. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|