Physical Fitness but Not Diet Quality Distinguishes Lean and Normal Weight Obese Adults
| Autor: | Erin P. Ferranti, Jessica A. Alvarez, Jose N. Binongo, Thomas R. Ziegler, Phong H. Tran, Moriah P. Bellissimo, Benjamin H. Crain, Dean P. Jones, Terryl J. Hartman, Erika L. Bettermann |
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| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Adult Male Mediterranean diet Dietary Approaches To Stop Hypertension Physical fitness Ideal Body Weight 030209 endocrinology & metabolism Overweight Diet Mediterranean Diet Surveys Article Body Mass Index Food group 03 medical and health sciences Eating 0302 clinical medicine Absorptiometry Photon Oxygen Consumption Medicine Humans Obesity 030109 nutrition & dietetics Nutrition and Dietetics business.industry Body Weight VO2 max Cardiometabolic Risk Factors Secondary data General Medicine Middle Aged Normal weight obesity Cross-Sectional Studies Adipose Tissue Physical Fitness Body Composition Exercise Test Linear Models Female medicine.symptom Diet Healthy business Body mass index Biomarkers Food Science Demography |
| Zdroj: | J Acad Nutr Diet |
| ISSN: | 2212-2672 |
| Popis: | BACKGROUND: Individuals with normal weight obesity (NWO) have increased cardiometabolic disease and mortality risk, but factors contributing to NWO development are unknown. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to determine if diet quality scores and physical fitness levels differed between adults classified as lean, NWO, and overweight-obese. Secondary objectives of the study were to compare clinical biomarkers and food groups and macronutrient intakes between the three groups, and test for associations between body composition components with diet quality scores and physical fitness levels. DESIGN: This is a secondary data analysis from a cross-sectional study that included metropolitan university and healthcare system employees. Body composition was measured by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry. Individuals with a body mass index (BMI) below 25 and body fat >23% for men and >30% for women were classified as having NWO. Alternate Healthy Eating Index (AHEI), Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension (DASH) score, and Mediterranean Diet Score (MDS) were calculated from Block food frequency questionnaires. Physical fitness was assessed by measuring maximum oxygen consumption (VO2 maximum) during treadmill testing. PARTICIPANTS/SETTING: This study included 693 adults (65% female, mean age 48.9 ± 11.5 years) enrolled between 2007 and 2013 in Atlanta, Georgia. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The main outcome measures were AHEI, DASH, and MDS diet quality scores and VO2 maximum. STATISTICAL ANALYSES: Multiple linear regression analyses with post-hoc comparisons were used to investigate group differences in fitness, diet quality, and biomarkers. Regression analyses were also used to examine relationships between diet quality scores and fitness with body composition. RESULTS: VO2 maximum was significantly lower in the NWO compared to the lean group (36.2 ± 0.8 vs. 40.2 ± 1.0 mL/min/kg, p |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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