Diagnostic classification by experts and novices
| Autor: | N. P. C. M. Krol, J. H. L. van den Bercken, E.E.J. De Bruyn |
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| Rok vydání: | 1992 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Matching (statistics) Behavior media_common.quotation_subject Mental Disorders Decision Making Human factors and ergonomics Poison control Experimental and Cognitive Psychology Cognition General Medicine Task (project management) Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous) Categorization MMPI Developmental and Educational Psychology Humans Aptitude Female Psychology Cluster analysis Social psychology Cognitive psychology media_common |
| Zdroj: | Acta psychologica. 81(1) |
| ISSN: | 0001-6918 |
| Popis: | The present study examines differences between experts and novices in classifying symptoms and the effect of the nature of the task on classifying. The study involved three groups of subjects, two expert groups (n = 12, n = 10) and one novice group (n = 12). Thinking-aloud protocols were collected for two classification tasks: sorting of behavioural symptoms into predefined categories and intuitive clustering of behavioural symptoms. In a third task, experts and novices were asked to make typicality ratings of behavioural symptoms. The protocols were analyzed with respect to seven cognitive operations: (a) asking or giving information, (b) associating, (c) abstracting or labelling, (d) explaining, (e) neutral matching, (f) identifying, and (g) differentiating. Results showed an effect of experience and an effect of the task on the relative frequencies of these operations. No differences were found in typicality rating of experts versus novices. These contradictory findings are discussed in relation to Kolodner's model about the evolution of expertise. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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