Anchoring effects on early autobiographical memories
| Autor: | Anthony J. Bishara, Marino A. Mugayar-Baldocchi, Daniel L. Greenberg |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male Memory Episodic Anchoring 050109 social psychology Light touch Neuropsychological Tests 050105 experimental psychology Childhood amnesia Developmental psychology Judgment Young Adult Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous) Humans 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences Episodic memory General Psychology Social influence Autobiographical memory 05 social sciences Middle Aged Female Childhood memory Psychology Heuristics Cognitive psychology |
| Zdroj: | Memory (Hove, England). 25(9) |
| ISSN: | 1464-0686 |
| Popis: | Studies of childhood memory typically show that our earliest memories come from between three and four years of age. This finding is not universal, however. The age estimate varies across cultures and is affected by social influences. Research from the judgments and decision-making literature suggests that these estimates might also involve a judgment under uncertainty. Therefore, they might be susceptible to less social influences such as heuristics and biases. To investigate this possibility, we conducted two experiments that used anchoring paradigms to influence participants' estimates of their age during early autobiographical memories. In Experiment 1, participants answered either a high-anchor or a low-anchor question, and were warned that the anchor was uninformative; they went on to estimate their age during their earliest autobiographical memory. In Experiment 2, we replicated Experiment 1 and extended the design to examine additional early autobiographical memories. In both experiments, participants in the low-anchor condition gave earlier age estimates than those in the high-anchor condition. These results provide new insights into the methods used to investigate autobiographical memory. Moreover, they show that reports of early autobiographical memories can be influenced by a relatively light touch - a change to a single digit in a single question. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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