Cytokines That Serve as Embryokines in Cattle
| Autor: | Savannah L. Speckhart, Alan D. Ealy, Lydia K. Wooldridge |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
animal structures
medicine.medical_treatment Veterinary medicine Review Biology Endometrium Andrology SF600-1100 medicine cytokine Blastocyst Interleukin 6 Fetus General Veterinary blastocyst Embryogenesis Embryo bovine embryo medicine.anatomical_structure Cytokine QL1-991 embryonic structures embryokine biology.protein Oviduct Animal Science and Zoology pregnancy Zoology |
| Zdroj: | Animals, Vol 11, Iss 2313, p 2313 (2021) Animals : an Open Access Journal from MDPI |
| ISSN: | 2076-2615 |
| Popis: | Simple Summary This review will explore how some cytokines also influence early embryonic development. We term these types of molecules as embryokines. Understanding how cytokines serve as embryokines could offer new opportunities to improve embryo development and the overall health of the embryo so that pregnancies will be retained after embryo transfer and so that viable offspring are produced. At least two cytokines may offer these benefits to bovine embryos produced in vitro. Additional cytokines also are identified in this review that may contain beneficial activities on bovine embryos. Abstract The term “embryokine” has been used to denote molecules produced by the endometrium, oviduct, or by embryo itself that will influence embryo development. Several cytokines have been identified as embryokines in cattle and other mammals. This review will describe how these cytokines function as embryokines, with special emphasis being placed on their actions on in vitro produced (IVP) bovine embryos. Embryokines are being explored for their ability to overcome the poor development rates of IVP embryos and to limit post-transfer pregnancy retention efficiencies that exist in IVP embryos. This review will focus on describing two of the best-characterized cytokines, colony-stimulating factor 2 and interleukin 6, for their ability to modify bovine embryo quality and confirmation, promote normal fetal development, and generate healthy calves. Additional cytokines will also be discussed for their potential to serve as embryokines. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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