The oestrogen pathway underlies the evolution of exaggerated male cranial shapes in Anolis lizards
| Autor: | Arhat Abzhanov, Lela M. Ross, Thomas J. Sanger, Jonathan B. Losos, Masayoshi Tokita, R. Brian Langerhans, Susan M. Seav |
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| Rok vydání: | 2014 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Zoology Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction General Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology Anolis Species Specificity Animals Hormone metabolism Clade Research Articles General Environmental Science Sex Characteristics General Immunology and Microbiology biology Male Phenotype Skull Estrogens Lizards General Medicine biology.organism_classification Phenotype Hormones Sexual dimorphism Evolutionary developmental biology Androgens General Agricultural and Biological Sciences Sex characteristics |
| Zdroj: | Proceedings. Biological sciences. 281(1784) |
| ISSN: | 1471-2954 |
| Popis: | Sexual dimorphisms vary widely among species. This variation must arise through sex-specific evolutionary modifications to developmental processes. Anolis lizards vary extensively in their expression of cranial dimorphism. Compared with other Anolis species, members of the carolinensis clade have evolved relatively high levels of cranial dimorphism; males of this clade have exceptionally long faces relative to conspecific females. Developmentally, this facial length dimorphism arises through an evolutionarily novel, clade-specific strategy. Our analyses herein reveal that sex-specific regulation of the oestrogen pathway underlies evolution of this exaggerated male phenotype, rather than the androgen or insulin growth factor pathways that have long been considered the primary regulators of male-biased dimorphism among vertebrates. Our results suggest greater intricacy in the genetic mechanisms that underlie sexual dimorphisms than previously appreciated. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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