Working memory dysfunction in obsessive-compulsive disorder: a neuropsychological and functional MRI study
| Autor: | Mayumi Tomita, Shigenobu Kanba, Maiko Nabeyama, Osamu Togao, Takashi Yoshiura, Eriko Nakatani, Hirokuni Sanematsu, Yusuke Masuda, Kazuko Yoshioka, Akiko Nakagawa, Toshihide Kuroki, Tomohiro Nakao |
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| Rok vydání: | 2008 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male medicine.medical_specialty Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Adolescent Prefrontal Cortex Audiology Neuropsychological Tests behavioral disciplines and activities Severity of Illness Index Functional Laterality Cuneus Temporal lobe Young Adult mental disorders medicine Humans Memory disorder Prefrontal cortex Psychiatry Biological Psychiatry Cerebral Cortex Psychiatric Status Rating Scales Memory Disorders medicine.diagnostic_test Working memory Neuropsychology Brain Neuropsychological test Middle Aged medicine.disease Magnetic Resonance Imaging Temporal Lobe Psychiatry and Mental health medicine.anatomical_structure Case-Control Studies Orbitofrontal cortex Female Psychology Psychomotor Performance |
| Zdroj: | Journal of psychiatric research. 43(8) |
| ISSN: | 1879-1379 |
| Popis: | Previous neuropsychological studies indicate that OCD subtypes such as checking rituals might be associated with a working memory deficit. On the other hand, functional neuroimaging studies found functional abnormalities of the frontal cortex and subcortical structures in OCD. Combined with functional imaging method, we applied neuropsychological batteries to demonstrate a working memory deficit in OCD by comparison with normal controls. In addition, working memory and brain activation were further examined with symptom-based analysis. Forty patients with OCD and 25 normal controls were examined using neuropsychological tests including the WAIS-R, WCST, WMS-R, and R-OCFT and functional MRI (fMRI) during the N-back task including 0- and 2-back task. On fMRI, the brain regions activated during the performance and the differences in the activation between patients and controls were identified. Additional analyses of severity and subtypes were conducted by using Y-BOCS severity score, symptom-checklist and Leckman's four-factor model, respectively. On the neuropsychological tests, the OCD patients had significantly lower scores on the delayed recall section of the WMS-R and the immediate recall section of the R-OCFT compared to the controls. On fMRI, the patients showed greater activation in the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), left superior temporal gyrus (STG), left insula, and cuneus during two-back task compared to the controls. Right orbitofrontal cortex activity showed a significant positive correlation with Y-BOCS scores in OCD. Furthermore, patients with obsessions/checking rituals (n=10) showed severer memory deficits and decreased activity in the postcentral gyrus than patients with cleanliness/washing rituals (n=14). In conclusion, we found neuropsychological dysfunction and brain abnormalities in OCD. Furthermore, our results suggested that symptom severity and symptom subtype such as obsessions/checking might affect neuropsychological dysfunction and related brain activities. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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