Risk Assessment Method Combining Independent Protection Layers (IPL) of Layer of Protection Analysis (LOPA) and RISKCURVES Software: Case Study of Hydrogen Refueling Stations in Urban Areas
| Autor: | Shin-Won Paik, Kwanwoo Lee, Byoungjik Park, Chankyu Kang, Yangkyun Kim |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Technology
Control and Optimization 0211 other engineering and technologies Energy Engineering and Power Technology hydrogen individual risk societal risk F–N curve IPLs 02 engineering and technology Commercialization Software Hazardous waste 021108 energy Electrical and Electronic Engineering Engineering (miscellaneous) Risk management Renewable Energy Sustainability and the Environment business.industry International standard Compressed hydrogen tube trailer 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology Hydrogen vehicle Risk analysis (engineering) Environmental science 0210 nano-technology business Risk assessment Energy (miscellaneous) |
| Zdroj: | Energies, Vol 14, Iss 4043, p 4043 (2021) Energies; Volume 14; Issue 13; Pages: 4043 |
| ISSN: | 1996-1073 |
| Popis: | The commercialization of eco-friendly hydrogen vehicles has elicited attempts to expand hydrogen refueling stations in urban areas; however, safety measures to reduce the risk of jet fires have not been established. The RISKCURVES software was used to evaluate the individual and societal risks of hydrogen refueling stations in urban areas, and the F–N (Frequency–Number of fatalities) curve was used to compare whether the safety measures satisfied international standards. From the results of the analysis, it was found that there is a risk of explosion in the expansion of hydrogen refueling stations in urban areas, and safety measures should be considered. To lower the risk of hydrogen refueling stations, this study applied the passive and active independent protection layers (IPLs) of LOPA (Layer of Protection Analysis) and confirmed that these measures significantly reduced societal risk as well as individual risk and met international standards. In particular, such measures could effectively reduce the impact of jet fire in dispensers and tube trailers that had a high risk. Measures employing both IPL types were efficient in meeting international standard criteria; however, passive IPLs were found to have a greater risk reduction effect than active IPLs. The combination of RISKCURVES and LOPA is an appropriate risk assessment method that can reduce work time and mitigate risks through protective measures compared to existing risk assessment methods. This method can be applied to risk assessment and risk mitigation not only for hydrogen facilities, but also for hazardous materials with high fire or explosion risk. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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