Re-evaluation of glutamic acid (E 620), sodium glutamate (E 621), potassium glutamate (E 622), calcium glutamate (E 623), ammonium glutamate (E 624) and magnesium glutamate (E 625) as food additives
Autor: | EFSA Panel on Food Additives and Nutrient Sources added to Food (ANS), Alicja Mortensen, Fernando Aguilar, Riccardo Crebelli, Alessandro Di Domenico, Birgit Dusemund, Maria Jose Frutos, Pierre Galtier, David Gott, Ursula Gundert‐Remy, Jean‐Charles Leblanc, Oliver Lindtner, Peter Moldeus, Pasquale Mosesso, Dominique Parent‐Massin, Agneta Oskarsson, Ivan Stankovic, Ine Waalkens‐Berendsen, Rudolf Antonius Woutersen, Matthew Wright, Maged Younes, Polly Boon, Dimitrios Chrysafidis, Rainer Gürtler, Paul Tobback, Andrea Altieri, Ana Maria Rincon, Claude Lambré |
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Rok vydání: | 2020 |
Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Acceptable daily intake No-observed-adverse-effect level food.ingredient Monosodium glutamate Veterinary (miscellaneous) Population Plant Science TP1-1185 Pharmacology Sodium Glutamate Microbiology 03 medical and health sciences chemistry.chemical_compound calcium glutamate 0302 clinical medicine food TX341-641 potassium glutamate education sodium glutamate education.field_of_study 030109 nutrition & dietetics Nutrition. Foods and food supply Food additive Chemical technology Glutamic acid E 624 E 625 Scientific Opinion magnesium glutamate Biochemistry chemistry E 620 E 621 ammonium glutamate Toxicity E 622 E 623 Animal Science and Zoology Parasitology glutamic acid 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Food Science |
Zdroj: | EFSA Journal EFSA Journal, Vol 15, Iss 7, Pp n/a-n/a (2017) |
ISSN: | 1831-4732 |
Popis: | The EFSA Panel on Food Additives and Nutrient Sources added to Food (ANS) provides a scientific opinion re‐evaluating the safety of glutamic acid–glutamates (E 620–625) when used as food additives. Glutamate is absorbed in the intestine and it is presystemically metabolised in the gut wall. No adverse effects were observed in the available short‐term, subchronic, chronic, reproductive and developmental studies. The only effect observed was increased kidney weight and increased spleen weight; however, the increase in organ weight was not accompanied by adverse histopathological findings and, therefore, the increase in organ weight was not considered as an adverse effect. The Panel considered that glutamic acid–glutamates (E 620–625) did not raise concern with regards to genotoxicity. From a neurodevelopmental toxicity study, a no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) of 3,200 mg monosodium glutamate/kg body weight (bw) per day could be identified. The Panel assessed the suitability of human data to be used for the derivation of a health‐based guidance value. Although effects on humans were identified human data were not suitable due to the lack of dose–response data from which a dose without effect could be identified. Based on the NOAEL of 3,200 mg monosodium glutamate/kg bw per day from the neurodevelopmental toxicity study and applying the default uncertainty factor of 100, the Panel derived a group acceptable daily intake (ADI) of 30 mg/kg bw per day, expressed as glutamic acid, for glutamic acid and glutamates (E 620–625). The Panel noted that the exposure to glutamic acid and glutamates (E 620–625) exceeded not only the proposed ADI, but also doses associated with adverse effects in humans for some population groups. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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