Can Unconventional Immunomodulatory Agents Help Alleviate COVID-19 Symptoms and Severity?
| Autor: | Steven Krakowka, Kara Fitzgerald, Ryan G. Rhodes, Sunthorn Pond-Tor, John Mcmichael, Jeffrey L. Osborn, Albert E. Dahlberg, Sarah Beseme, Lloyd Saberski, Stephen W. Mamber, Neal Wright |
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| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Chemokine viruses Phytochemicals Pneumonia Viral lcsh:QR1-502 Alpha interferon Disease Microbiology lcsh:Microbiology Proinflammatory cytokine Immunomodulation Betacoronavirus 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Immune system Interferon Humans interferon alpha Medicine CXCL10 phytocannabinoids thimerosal Pandemics Molecular Biology biology Cannabinoids SARS-CoV-2 business.industry virus diseases Interferon-alpha COVID-19 Respiratory infection DNA Opinion/Hypothesis Therapeutics and Prevention QR1-502 COVID-19 Drug Treatment immunomodulatory agents 030104 developmental biology Immunology biology.protein Cytokines Coronavirus Infections business 030215 immunology medicine.drug |
| Zdroj: | mSphere mSphere, Vol 5, Iss 3 (2020) mSphere, Vol 5, Iss 3, p e00288-20 (2020) |
| ISSN: | 2379-5042 |
| DOI: | 10.1128/msphere.00288-20 |
| Popis: | Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS coronavirus 2, or SARS-CoV-2) is the cause of the respiratory infection known as COVID-19. From an immunopathological standpoint, coronaviruses such as SARS-CoV-2 induce increased levels of a variety of T-helper 1 (Th1) and inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, including interleukin-1 (IL-1), IL-6, CCL2 protein, and CXCL10 protein. In the absence of proven antiviral agents or an effective vaccine, substances with immunomodulatory activity may be able to inhibit inflammatory and Th1 cytokines and/or yield an anti-inflammatory and/or Th2 immune response to counteract COVID-19 symptoms and severity. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS coronavirus 2, or SARS-CoV-2) is the cause of the respiratory infection known as COVID-19. From an immunopathological standpoint, coronaviruses such as SARS-CoV-2 induce increased levels of a variety of T-helper 1 (Th1) and inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, including interleukin-1 (IL-1), IL-6, CCL2 protein, and CXCL10 protein. In the absence of proven antiviral agents or an effective vaccine, substances with immunomodulatory activity may be able to inhibit inflammatory and Th1 cytokines and/or yield an anti-inflammatory and/or Th2 immune response to counteract COVID-19 symptoms and severity. This report briefly describes the following four unconventional but commercially accessible immunomodulatory agents that can be employed in clinical trials to evaluate their effectiveness at alleviating disease symptoms and severity: low-dose oral interferon alpha, microdose DNA, low-dose thimerosal, and phytocannabinoids. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
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