Estimated Cancer Risks Associated with Nitrosamine Contamination in Commonly Used Medications
| Autor: | Feng C. Tsai, Kate Li, M. Elizabeth Marder, Karin Ricker, Martha S. Sandy, Sarah Elmore, Meng Sun, Rose Schmitz, Gwendolyn Osborne, ChingYi J. Hsieh |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Drug
Nitrosamines Health Toxicology and Mutagenesis media_common.quotation_subject Dimethylnitrosamine Food and drug administration chemistry.chemical_compound Environmental health Neoplasms Medicine cancer Animals Diethylnitrosamine Animal species Carcinogen media_common business.industry Communication Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health Cancer risk assessment Contamination medicine.disease chemistry Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Nitrosamine Carcinogens business Risk assessment |
| Zdroj: | International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol 18, Iss 9465, p 9465 (2021) |
| ISSN: | 1660-4601 1661-7827 |
| Popis: | Many nitrosamines are potent carcinogens, with more than 30 listed under California’s Proposition 65. Recently, nitrosamine contamination of commonly used drugs for treatment of hypertension, heartburn, and type 2 diabetes has prompted numerous Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recalls in the US. These contaminants include the carcinogens NDMA (N-nitrosodimethylamine) and NDEA (N-nitrosodiethylamine) and the animal tumorigen NMBA (N-nitroso-N-methyl-4-aminobutyric acid). NMBA and NDEA are metabolically and/or structurally related to NDMA, an N-nitrosomethyl-n-alkylamine (NMA), and 12 other carcinogenic NMAs. These nitrosamines exhibit common genotoxic and tumorigenic activities, with shared target tumor sites amongst chemicals and within a given laboratory animal species. We use the drug valsartan as a case study to estimate the additional cancer risks associated with NDMA and NDEA contamination, based on nitrosamine levels reported by the US FDA, cancer potencies developed by California’s Proposition 65 program and the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), and specific exposure scenarios. These estimates suggest that nitrosamine contamination in drugs that are used long-term can increase cancer risks and pose a serious concern to public health. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|