Occupational, social, and relationship hazards and psychological distress among low-income workers: implications of the 'inverse hazard law'
| Autor: | Nancy Krieger, Anna Kosheleva, Jarvis T. Chen, Elizabeth M. Barbeau, Pamela D. Waterman, Afamia Kaddour, Karestan C. Koenen |
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| Rok vydání: | 2010 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Employment Male Safe Sex Psychometrics Epidemiology Health Status Sexual Behavior Poison control Social class Occupational safety and health Cohort Studies Condoms Social Desirability Social Justice Occupational Exposure Environmental health Injury prevention Ethnicity Humans Medicine Social determinants of health Spouses Workplace Poverty Marital Status Labor Unions business.industry Smoking Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health Human factors and ergonomics Middle Aged Cross-Sectional Studies Sexual Partners Sexual Harassment Social Class Law Multivariate Analysis Domestic violence Female business Prejudice Stress Psychological Boston |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health. 65:260-272 |
| ISSN: | 0143-005X |
| DOI: | 10.1136/jech.2009.087387 |
| Popis: | Background Few studies have simultaneously included exposure information on occupational hazards, relationship hazards (eg, intimate partner violence) and social hazards (eg, poverty and racial discrimination), especially among low-income multiracial/ethnic populations. Methods A cross-sectional study (2003e2004) of 1202 workers employed at 14 worksites in the greater Boston area of Massachusetts investigated the independent and joint association of occupational, social and relationship hazards with psychological distress (K6 scale). Results Among this low-income cohort (45% were below the US poverty line), exposure to occupational, social and relationship hazards, per the ‘inverse hazard law,’ was high: 82% exposed to at least one occupational hazard, 79% to at least one social hazard, and 32% of men and 34% of women, respectively, stated they had been the perpetrator or target of intimate partner violence (IPV). Fully 15.4% had clinically significant psychological distress scores (K6 score $13). All three types of hazards, and also poverty, were independently associated with increased risk of psychological distress. In models including all three hazards, however, significant associations with psychological distress occurred among men and women for workplace abuse and high exposure to racial discrimination only; among men, for IPV; and among women, for high exposure to occupational hazards, poverty and smoking. Conclusions Reckoning with the joint and embodied reality of diverse types of hazards involving how people live and work is necessary for understanding determinants of health status. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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