Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Reveals Size-Dependent Effects of Polystyrene Microplastics on Immune and Secretory Cell Populations from Zebrafish Intestines
| Autor: | Bing Wu, Ling Chen, Hongqiang Ren, Cheng Gu, Yuxuan Liu, Su Liu, Weiqing Gu |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
Microplastics
biology Sequence Analysis RNA Sequence analysis Cell RNA General Chemistry 010501 environmental sciences biology.organism_classification 01 natural sciences Cell biology Intestines Immune system medicine.anatomical_structure Cell surface receptor Toxicity medicine Animals Polystyrenes Environmental Chemistry Plastics Zebrafish 0105 earth and related environmental sciences |
| Zdroj: | Environmental Science & Technology. 54:3417-3427 |
| ISSN: | 1520-5851 0013-936X |
| DOI: | 10.1021/acs.est.9b06386 |
| Popis: | Microplastics (MPs) as widespread contamination pose a high risk for aquatic organisms. However, the current understanding of MP toxicity is based on cell population-averaged measurements. Our aim was to gain a comprehensive understanding of the size-dependent effects of polystyrene MPs (PS-MPs) on intestinal cell populations in zebrafish and characterize the interplay of MPs, intestinal cells, and intestinal microbiota. Here, we used single-cell RNA sequencing to determine the transcriptome heterogeneity of 12 000 intestinal cells obtained from zebrafish exposed to 100 nm, 5 μm, and 200 μm PS-MPs for 21 days. Eight intestinal cell populations were identified. Combined with changes in intestinal microbiota, our findings highlight a previously unrecognized end point that all three sizes of PS-MPs induced dysfunction of intestinal immune cells (including effects on phagosomes and the regulation of immune system processes) and increased the abundance of pathogenic bacteria. However, only 100 nm PS-MPs altered the expression of genes related to phagocyte-produced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and increased mucus secretion by secretory cells. Microsize PS-MPs specifically changed the lysosome (5 μm) and cell surface receptor signaling (200 μm) processes of the macrophages. Our findings pinpoint to cell-specific and size-dependent responses to PS-MPs in fish intestine, which can provide a reference for future study directions. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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