Transcriptional analysis of abdominal fat in chickens divergently selected on bodyweight at two ages reveals novel mechanisms controlling adiposity: validating visceral adipose tissue as a dynamic endocrine and metabolic organ

Autor: E. Le Bihan-Duval, Christopher W. Resnyk, Jean Simon, Wilfrid Carre, S. E. Aggrey, Xiaofei Wang, Michel J. Duclos, Larry A. Cogburn, Tom E. Porter
Přispěvatelé: Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Delaware [Newark], Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire et Génomique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU), Department of Biological Sciences, Tennessee State University, Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland [College Park], University of Maryland System-University of Maryland System, Unité de Recherches Avicoles (URA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia [USA], United States Department of Agriculture, Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service, Initiative for Future Agriculture and Food Systems (USDA-CREES-IFAFS), Grant 00-52100-9614, Avian Biosciences Center and the Institutional Development Award (IDeA) Network of Biomedical Research Excellence (INBRE), Core Fee Wavier Program at the University of Delaware, Recherches Avicoles (SRA)
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2017
Předmět:
0301 basic medicine
Aging
[SDV.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biotechnology
Transcription
Genetic
Microarray
animal diseases
Endocrine signaling
Adipose tissue
tissu adipeux
Hemostasis genes
Transcriptome
RNA-Seq analysis
0302 clinical medicine
Gene expression
Gene Regulatory Networks
sélection divergente
Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis
lipogénèse
Adiposity
2. Zero hunger
Animal biology
sélection génétique
Divergent genetic selection
Lipogenesis
Microarray analysis
Transcriptional regulation
[SDV.BA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology
régulation transcriptionnelle
hémostase
Phenotype
adipose tissue
adiposité
analyse microarray
activité endocrinienne
divergent selection
Research Article
Biotechnology
expression des gènes
medicine.medical_specialty
graisse abdominale
animal structures
lcsh:QH426-470
chicken
lcsh:Biotechnology
poulet
Endocrine System
Biotechnologies
Intra-Abdominal Fat
Biology
blood coagulation
03 medical and health sciences
Internal medicine
lcsh:TP248.13-248.65
Biologie animale
Genetics
medicine
Animals
fonction endocrine
Sequence Analysis
RNA
Microarray analysis techniques
Gene Expression Profiling
Body Weight
abdominal fat
Broiler
lcsh:Genetics
030104 developmental biology
Endocrinology
Chickens
arn s
030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Zdroj: BMC Genomics, Vol 18, Iss 1, Pp 1-31 (2017)
BMC genomics 1 (18), . (2017)
BMC Genomics
BMC Genomics, BioMed Central, 2017, 18 (1), ⟨10.1186/s12864-017-4035-5⟩
ISSN: 1471-2164
Popis: Decades of intensive genetic selection in the domestic chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus) have enabled the remarkable rapid growth of today's broiler (meat-type) chickens. However, this enhanced growth rate was accompanied by several unfavorable traits (i.e., increased visceral fatness, leg weakness, and disorders of metabolism and reproduction). The present descriptive analysis of the abdominal fat transcriptome aimed to identify functional genes and biological pathways that likely contribute to an extreme difference in visceral fatness of divergently selected broiler chickens.
We used the Del-Mar 14 K Chicken Integrated Systems microarray to take time-course snapshots of global gene transcription in abdominal fat of juvenile [1-11 weeks of age (wk)] chickens divergently selected on bodyweight at two ages (8 and 36 wk). Further, a RNA sequencing analysis was completed on the same abdominal fat samples taken from high-growth (HG) and low-growth (LG) cockerels at 7 wk, the age with the greatest divergence in body weight (3.2-fold) and visceral fatness (19.6-fold).
Time-course microarray analysis revealed 312 differentially expressed genes (FDR ≤ 0.05) as the main effect of genotype (HG versus LG), 718 genes in the interaction of age and genotype, and 2918 genes as the main effect of age. The RNA sequencing analysis identified 2410 differentially expressed genes in abdominal fat of HG versus LG chickens at 7 wk. The HG chickens are fatter and over-express numerous genes that support higher rates of visceral adipogenesis and lipogenesis. In abdominal fat of LG chickens, we found higher expression of many genes involved in hemostasis, energy catabolism and endocrine signaling, which likely contribute to their leaner phenotype and slower growth. Many transcription factors and their direct target genes identified in HG and LG chickens could be involved in their divergence in adiposity and growth rate.
The present analyses of the visceral fat transcriptome in chickens divergently selected for a large difference in growth rate and abdominal fatness clearly demonstrate that abdominal fat is a very dynamic metabolic and endocrine organ in the chicken. The HG chickens overexpress many transcription factors and their direct target genes, which should enhance in situ lipogenesis and ultimately adiposity. Our observation of enhanced expression of hemostasis and endocrine-signaling genes in diminished abdominal fat of LG cockerels provides insight into genetic mechanisms involved in divergence of abdominal fatness and somatic growth in avian and perhaps mammalian species, including humans.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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