Intensive Working Memory Training Produces Functional Changes in Large-Scale Fronto-Parietal Networks
| Autor: | John D. E. Gabrieli, Todd W. Thompson, Michael Waskom |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
Working memory training
Adult Male Adolescent Cognitive Neuroscience Brain mapping Spatial memory 050105 experimental psychology Article Task (project management) 03 medical and health sciences Young Adult 0302 clinical medicine Task-positive network Parietal Lobe Neural Pathways Image Processing Computer-Assisted Reaction Time Humans Learning 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences Analysis of Variance Brain Mapping Working memory 05 social sciences Cognition Middle Aged Magnetic Resonance Imaging Cognitive training Frontal Lobe Oxygen Memory Short-Term Linear Models Female Nerve Net Psychology 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Cognitive psychology |
| Popis: | Working memory is central to human cognition, and intensive cognitive training has been shown to expand working memory capacity in a given domain. It remains unknown, however, how the neural systems that support working memory are altered through intensive training to enable the expansion of working memory capacity. We used fMRI to measure plasticity in activations associated with complex working memory before and after 20 days of training. Healthy young adults were randomly assigned to train on either a dual n-back working memory task or a demanding visuospatial attention task. Training resulted in substantial and task-specific expansion of dual n-back abilities accompanied by changes in the relationship between working memory load and activation. Training differentially affected activations in two large-scale frontoparietal networks thought to underlie working memory: the executive control network and the dorsal attention network. Activations in both networks linearly scaled with working memory load before training, but training dissociated the role of the two networks and eliminated this relationship in the executive control network. Load-dependent functional connectivity both within and between these two networks increased following training, and the magnitudes of increased connectivity were positively correlated with improvements in task performance. These results provide insight into the adaptive neural systems that underlie large gains in working memory capacity through training. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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