Multiple mechanisms explain how reduced KRP expression increases leaf size of Arabidopsis thaliana
| Autor: | Malgorzata A. Domagalska, Dirk De Vos, Marios Nektarios Markakis, Gerrit T.S. Beemster, Jan Broeckhove, Joanna Stelmaszewska, Lieven De Veylder, Hamada AbdElgawad, Bulelani L. Sizani, Shweta Kalve, Xin’Ai Zhao, Arp Schnittger |
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| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
0106 biological sciences
0301 basic medicine DNA Plant Cell division Physiology Arabidopsis Down-Regulation Cell Count Plant Science Biology 01 natural sciences Transcriptome 03 medical and health sciences Gene Expression Regulation Plant Endoreduplication Arabidopsis thaliana Leaf size Mitosis Ploidies Arabidopsis Proteins Gene Expression Profiling Cell Cycle food and beverages Embryo Organ Size Cell cycle Plants Genetically Modified biology.organism_classification Biomechanical Phenomena Up-Regulation Cell biology Plant Leaves Kinetics Phenotype 030104 developmental biology Mutation Seeds Cell Division 010606 plant biology & botany |
| Zdroj: | New phytologist |
| ISSN: | 1469-8137 0028-646X |
| DOI: | 10.1111/nph.15458 |
| Popis: | Although cell number generally correlates with organ size, the role of cell cycle control in growth regulation is still largely unsolved. We studied kip related protein (krp) 4, 6 and 7 single, double and triple mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana to understand the role of cell cycle inhibitory proteins in leaf development. We performed leaf growth and seed size analysis, kinematic analysis, flow cytometery, transcriptome analysis and mathematical modeling of G1/S and G2/M checkpoint progression of the mitotic and endoreplication cycle. Double and triple mutants progressively increased mature leaf size, because of elevated expression of cell cycle and DNA replication genes stimulating progression through the division and endoreplication cycle. However, cell number was also already increased before leaf emergence, as a result of an increased cell number in the embryo. We show that increased embryo and seed size in krp4/6/7 results from seed abortion, presumably reducing resource competition, and that seed size differences contribute to the phenotype of several large‐leaf mutants. Our results provide a new mechanistic understanding of the role of cell cycle regulation in leaf development and highlight the contribution of the embryo to the development of leaves after germination in general. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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