MADD silencing enhances anti-tumor activity of TRAIL in anaplastic thyroid cancer
| Autor: | Bellur S. Prabhakar, Guilin Qiao, Ajay V. Maker, Lakshmi Sripada, Nicholas Kunda, Shikha Saini, Kiara A. Tulla |
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| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Death Domain Receptor Signaling Adaptor Proteins Cancer Research Programmed cell death Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism Mice Nude Apoptosis Thyroid Carcinoma Anaplastic TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Endocrinology Cell Line Tumor medicine Animals Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors Humans Gene silencing Gene Silencing Thyroid Neoplasms RNA Small Interfering Anaplastic thyroid cancer Cellular localization Membrane Potential Mitochondrial Gene knockdown business.industry Cell growth medicine.disease 030104 developmental biology Oncology 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis Cancer cell Cancer research business |
| Zdroj: | Endocrine-Related Cancer. 26:551-563 |
| ISSN: | 1479-6821 1351-0088 |
| DOI: | 10.1530/erc-18-0517 |
| Popis: | ATC is an aggressive disease with limited therapeutic options due to drug resistance. TRAIL is an attractive anti-cancer therapy that can trigger apoptosis in a cancer cell-selective manner. However, TRAIL resistance is a major clinical obstacle for its use as a therapeutic drug. Previously, we demonstrated that MADD is a cancer cell pro-survival factor that can modulate TRAIL resistance. However, its role, if any, in overcoming TRAIL resistance in ATC is unknown. First, we characterized ATC cell lines as either TRAIL resistant, TRAIL sensitive or moderately TRAIL sensitive and evaluated MADD expression/cellular localization. We determined the effect of MADD siRNA on cellular growth and investigated its effect on TRAIL treatment. We assessed the effect of combination treatment (MADD siRNA and TRAIL) on mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. The effect of combination treatment on tumor growth was assessed in vivo. We found increased levels of MADD in ATC cells relative to Nthy-ori 3-1. MADD protein localizes in the cytosol (endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi body) and membrane. MADD knockdown resulted in spontaneous cell death that was synergistically enhanced when combined with TRAIL treatment in otherwise resistant ATC cells. Combination treatment resulted in a significant reduction in MMP and enhanced generation of ROS indicating the putative mechanism of action. In an orthotopic mouse model of TRAIL-resistant ATC, treatment with MADD siRNA alone reduced tumor growth that, when combined with TRAIL, resulted in significant tumor regressions. We demonstrated the potential clinical utility of MADD knockdown in sensitizing cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis in ATC. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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