Molecules and Prostaglandins Related to Embryo Tolerance
Autor: | Carlos Alberto Matias-Cervantes, Eduardo Pérez-Campos, María Teresa Hernández-Huerta, Gabriel Mayoral Andrade, Edgar Zenteno, Eli Cruz-Parada, Noemi Meraz Cruz, Laura Pérez-Campos Mayoral, Carlos Romero Díaz, Ruth Martínez Cruz, Eduardo Pérez-Campos Mayoral, Margarito Martínez Cruz, Gabriela Vásquez Martínez |
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Rok vydání: | 2020 |
Předmět: |
Blood Platelets
lcsh:Immunologic diseases. Allergy 0301 basic medicine group 2 innate lymphoid cells Leukotriene B4 Immunology Embryonic Development Review Biology prostaglandins 03 medical and health sciences chemistry.chemical_compound 0302 clinical medicine Pregnancy Semen Immune Tolerance medicine Animals Humans Immunology and Allergy Lymphocytes Maternal-Fetal Exchange Fetus polymorphonuclear leukocyte Innate lymphoid cell Trophoblast Embryo Chemotaxis Genitalia Female Neutrophil extracellular traps Embryo Mammalian Immunity Innate Cell biology 030104 developmental biology medicine.anatomical_structure chemistry Fertilization embryo tolerance platelets Female PGE2 lcsh:RC581-607 Signal Transduction 030215 immunology Hormone |
Zdroj: | Frontiers in Immunology, Vol 11 (2020) Frontiers in Immunology |
ISSN: | 1664-3224 |
Popis: | It is generally understood that the entry of semen into the female reproductive tract provokes molecular and cellular changes facilitating conception and pregnancy. We show a broader picture of the participation of prostaglandins in the fertilization, implantation and maintenance of the embryo. A large number of cells and molecules are related to signaling networks, which regulate tolerance to implantation and maintenance of the embryo and fetus. In this work, many of those cells and molecules are analyzed. We focus on platelets, polymorphonuclear leukocytes, and group 2 innate lymphoid cells involved in embryo tolerance in order to have a wider view of how prostaglandins participate. The combination of platelets and neutrophil extracellular traps (Nets), uterine innate lymphoid cells (uILC), Treg cells, NK cells, and sex hormones have an important function in immunological tolerance. In both animals and humans, the functions of these cells can be regulated by prostaglandins and soluble factors in seminal plasma to achieve an immunological balance, which maintains fetal-maternal tolerance. Prostaglandins, such as PGI2 and PGE2, play an important role in the suppression of the previously mentioned cells. PGI2 inhibits platelet aggregation, in addition to IL-5 and IL-13 expression in ILC2, and PGE2 inhibits some neutrophil functions, such as chemotaxis and migration processes, leukotriene B4 (LTB4) biosynthesis, ROS production, and the formation of extracellular traps, which could help prevent trophoblast injury and fetal loss. The implications are related to fertility in female when seminal fluid is deposited in the vagina or uterus. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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