Microorganisms and heavy metals associated with atmospheric deposition in a congested urban environment of a developing country: Sri Lanka
| Autor: | Ashantha Goonetilleke, Meththika Vithanage, R.W.K. Amarasekara, D.N. Magana-Arachchi, Lakshika Weerasundara, Abdul Mohamed Ziyath, D.G.G.P. Karunaratne |
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| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
Environmental Engineering
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences Pseudomonas monteilii Microorganism Air Microbiology 010501 environmental sciences medicine.disease_cause 01 natural sciences Metals Heavy medicine Humans Environmental Chemistry Cities Developing Countries Waste Management and Disposal Sri Lanka 0105 earth and related environmental sciences Air Pollutants Bacteria biology Environmental engineering Pathogenic bacteria biology.organism_classification Sphingomonas Exiguobacterium Pollution Deposition (aerosol physics) Environmental chemistry Ochrobactrum intermedium Environmental Monitoring |
| Zdroj: | Science of The Total Environment. :803-812 |
| ISSN: | 0048-9697 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.01.121 |
| Popis: | Highlights - Nine bacterial species were identified, six Gram-negative and three Gram-positive. - Al and Fe, geogenic in origin and may be re-deposited by vehicular traffic. - High Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, Cd and Pb are traffic influenced, galvanized roofs release Zn. - Bacteria and heavy metals in deposition create human and ecosystem health risks. Abstract The presence of bacteria and heavy metals in atmospheric deposition were investigated in Kandy, Sri Lanka, which is a typical city in the developing world with significant traffic congestion. Atmospheric deposition samples were analyzed for Al, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb which are heavy metals common to urban environments. Al and Fe were found in high concentrations due to the presence of natural sources, but may also be re-suspended by vehicular traffic. Relatively high concentrations of toxic metals such as Cr, and Pb in dissolved form were also found. High Zn loads can be attributed to vehicular emissions and the wide use of Zn coated roofing materials. The metal loads in wet deposition showed higher concentrations compared to dry deposition. The metal concentrations among the different sampling sites significantly differ from each other depending on the traffic conditions. Industrial activities are not significant in Kandy City. Consequently, the traffic exerts high influence on heavy metal loadings. As part of the bacterial investigations, nine species of culturable bacteria, namely; Sphingomonas sp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pseudomonas monteilii, Klebsiella pneumonia, Ochrobactrum intermedium, Leclercia adecarboxylata, Exiguobacterium sp., Bacillus pumilus and Kocuria kristinae, which are opportunistic pathogens, were identified. This is the first time Pseudomonas monteilii and Ochrobactrum intermedium has been reported from a country in Asia. The culturable fraction constituted ~0.01 to 10%. Pigmented bacteria and endospore forming bacteria were copious in the atmospheric depositions due to their capability to withstand harsh environmental conditions. The presence of pathogenic bacteria and heavy metals creates potential human and ecosystem health risk. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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