Intestinal Barrier Function and the Gut Microbiome Are Differentially Affected in Mice Fed a Western-Style Diet or Drinking Water Supplemented with Fructose
Autor: | Stephan C. Bischoff, Valentina Volynets, Dominik Pretz, Jan Wehkamp, Sandrine Louis, Maureen J. Ostaff, Lisa Lang |
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Rok vydání: | 2017 |
Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
medicine.medical_specialty Colon Firmicutes Medicine (miscellaneous) Ileum Fructose Weight Gain Permeability Defensins 03 medical and health sciences Lactulose chemistry.chemical_compound RNA Ribosomal 16S Internal medicine Dietary Carbohydrates medicine Animals Food science Intestinal Mucosa Sugar Barrier function Bifidobacterium Nutrition and Dietetics Bacteria biology Bacteroidetes Chemistry Drinking Water Feeding Behavior biology.organism_classification Dietary Fats Mucus Gastrointestinal Microbiome Endotoxins Mice Inbred C57BL 030104 developmental biology medicine.anatomical_structure Endocrinology Diet Western Dietary Supplements Female Mannitol medicine.drug |
Zdroj: | The Journal of Nutrition. 147:770-780 |
ISSN: | 1541-6100 0022-3166 |
Popis: | Background: The consumption of a Western-style diet (WSD) and high fructose intake are risk factors for metabolic diseases. The underlying mechanisms are largely unclear.Objective: To unravel the mechanisms by which a WSD and fructose promote metabolic disease, we investigated their effects on the gut microbiome and barrier function.Methods: Adult female C57BL/6J mice were fed a sugar- and fat-rich WSD or control diet (CD) for 12 wk and given access to tap water or fructose-supplemented water. The microbiota was analyzed with the use of 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Barrier function was studied with the use of permeability tests, and endotoxin, mucus thickness, and gene expressions were measured.Results: The WSD increased body weight gain but not endotoxin translocation compared with the CD. In contrast, high fructose intake increased endotoxin translocation 2.6- and 3.8-fold in the groups fed the CD + fructose and WSD + fructose, respectively, compared with the CD group. The WSD + fructose treatment also induced a loss of mucus thickness in the colon (-46%) and reduced defensin expression in the ileum and colon. The lactulose:mannitol ratio in the WSD + fructose mice was 1.8-fold higher than in the CD mice. Microbiota analysis revealed that fructose, but not the WSD, increased the Firmicutes:Bacteroidetes ratio by 88% for CD + fructose and 63% for WSD + fructose compared with the CD group. Bifidobacterium abundance was greater in the WSD mice than in the CD mice (63-fold) and in the WSD + fructose mice than in the CD + fructose mice (330-fold).Conclusions: The consumption of a WSD or high fructose intake differentially affects gut permeability and the microbiome. Whether these differences are related to the distinct clinical outcomes, whereby the WSD primarily promotes weight gain and high fructose intake causes barrier dysfunction, needs to be investigated in future studies. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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