Effects of pulsatile electrical stimulation of the round window on central hyperactivity after cochlear trauma in guinea pig
Autor: | Thomas C Spencer, Donald Robertson, Wilhelmina Mulders |
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Rok vydání: | 2016 |
Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Inferior colliculus Male medicine.medical_specialty Hearing loss medicine.medical_treatment Guinea Pigs Labyrinth Diseases Action Potentials Stimulation Audiology 03 medical and health sciences Tinnitus 0302 clinical medicine Cochlear implant otorhinolaryngologic diseases medicine Animals Cochlea Neurons Round window Strychnine Cochlear Implantation Sensory Systems Electric Stimulation Inferior Colliculi Compound muscle action potential 030104 developmental biology medicine.anatomical_structure Acoustic Stimulation Hearing Loss Noise-Induced Round Window Ear Female sense organs medicine.symptom Psychology Neuroscience 030217 neurology & neurosurgery |
Zdroj: | Hearing research. 335 |
ISSN: | 1878-5891 |
Popis: | Partial hearing loss induced by acoustic trauma has been shown in animal models to result in an increased spontaneous firing rate in central auditory structures. This so-called hyperactivity has been suggested to be involved in the generation of tinnitus, a phantom auditory sensation. Although there is no universal cure for tinnitus, electrical stimulation of the cochlea, as achieved by a cochlear implant, can result in significant reduction of the tinnitus percept. However, the mechanism by which this tinnitus suppression occurs is as yet unknown and furthermore cochlear implantation may not be an optimal treatment option for tinnitus sufferers who are not profoundly deaf. A better understanding of the mechanism of tinnitus suppression by electrical stimulation of the cochlea, may lead to the development of more specialised devices for those for whom a cochlear implant is not appropriate. This study aimed to investigate the effects of electrical stimulation in the form of brief biphasic shocks delivered to the round window of the cochlea on the spontaneous firing rates of hyperactive inferior colliculus neurons following acoustic trauma in guinea pigs. Effects during the stimulation itself included both inhibition and excitation but spontaneous firing was suppressed for up to hundreds of ms after the cessation of the shock train in all sampled hyperactive neurons. Pharmacological block of olivocochlear efferent action on outer hair cells did not eliminate the prolonged suppression observed in inferior colliculus neurons, and it is therefore likely that activation of the afferent pathways is responsible for the central effects observed. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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