Revisiting Trypanosoma rangeli Transmission Involving Susceptible and Non-Susceptible Hosts
| Autor: | Alessandra A. Guarneri, Luciana de Lima Ferreira, Marcos H. Pereira |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2015 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Nymph Trypanosoma rangeli Rhodnius lcsh:Medicine Salivary Glands law.invention Host-Parasite Interactions Mice law Trypanosomiasis Parasite hosting Animals lcsh:Science Multidisciplinary biology lcsh:R fungi Blood meal biology.organism_classification Virology Xenodiagnosis Transmission (mechanics) Trypanosoma lcsh:Q Research Article |
| Zdroj: | PLoS ONE PLoS ONE, Vol 10, Iss 10, p e0140575 (2015) |
| ISSN: | 1932-6203 |
| Popis: | Trypanosoma rangeli infects several triatomine and mammal species in South America. Its transmission is known to occur when a healthy insect feeds on an infected mammal or when an infected insect bites a healthy mammal. In the present study we evaluated the classic way of T. rangeli transmission started by the bite of a single infected triatomine, as well as alternative ways of circulation of this parasite among invertebrate hosts. The number of metacyclic trypomastigotes eliminated from salivary glands during a blood meal was quantified for unfed and recently fed nymphs. The quantification showed that ~50,000 parasites can be liberated during a single blood meal. The transmission of T. rangeli from mice to R. prolixus was evaluated using infections started through the bite of a single infected nymph. The mice that served as the blood source for single infected nymphs showed a high percentage of infection and efficiently transmitted the infection to new insects. Parasites were recovered by xenodiagnosis in insects fed on mice with infections that lasted approximately four months. Hemolymphagy and co-feeding were tested to evaluate insect-insect T. rangeli transmission. T. rangeli was not transmitted during hemolymphagy. However, insects that had co-fed on mice with infected conspecifics exhibited infection rates of approximately 80%. Surprisingly, 16% of the recipient nymphs became infected when pigeons were used as hosts. Our results show that T. rangeli is efficiently transmitted between the evaluated hosts. Not only are the insect-mouse-insect transmission rates high, but parasites can also be transmitted between insects while co-feeding on a living host. We show for the first time that birds can be part of the T. rangeli transmission cycle as we proved that insect-insect transmission is feasible during a co-feeding on these hosts. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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