Angular correlations of photons from solution diffraction at a free-electron laser encode molecular structure
Autor: | Daniel Ratner, Derek Mendez, Herschel M. Watkins, Kevin S. Raines, Shenglan Qiao, Ganesh Subramanian, Gundolf Schenk, Garrett Nelson, Makina Yabashi, Sebastian Doniach, Thomas J. Lane, Kensuke Tono, Yasumasa Joti |
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Rok vydání: | 2016 |
Předmět: |
Diffraction
Photon Physics::Optics 02 engineering and technology 01 natural sciences Biochemistry Electromagnetic radiation law.invention SACLA law 0103 physical sciences Mathematics::Metric Geometry General Materials Science lcsh:Science 010306 general physics Physics solution diffraction angular photon correlations Scattering Momentum transfer Free-electron laser General Chemistry 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology Condensed Matter Physics Laser Research Papers 3. Good health XFELs gold nanoparticles lcsh:Q Atomic physics correlated X-ray scattering 0210 nano-technology |
Zdroj: | IUCrJ, Vol 3, Iss 6, Pp 420-429 (2016) IUCrJ |
ISSN: | 2052-2525 |
Popis: | An atomic twinning structure is observed by averaging intensity correlations from many snapshots of gold nanoparticles in solution. During X-ray exposure of a molecular solution, photons scattered from the same molecule are correlated. If molecular motion is insignificant during exposure, then differences in momentum transfer between correlated photons are direct measurements of the molecular structure. In conventional small- and wide-angle solution scattering, photon correlations are ignored. This report presents advances in a new biomolecular structural analysis technique, correlated X-ray scattering (CXS), which uses angular intensity correlations to recover hidden structural details from molecules in solution. Due to its intense rapid pulses, an X-ray free electron laser (XFEL) is an excellent tool for CXS experiments. A protocol is outlined for analysis of a CXS data set comprising a total of half a million X-ray exposures of solutions of small gold nanoparticles recorded at the Spring-8 Ångström Compact XFEL facility (SACLA). From the scattered intensities and their correlations, two populations of nanoparticle domains within the solution are distinguished: small twinned, and large probably non-twinned domains. It is shown analytically how, in a solution measurement, twinning information is only accessible via intensity correlations, demonstrating how CXS reveals atomic-level information from a disordered solution of like molecules. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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