Recent insights into the extraction, characterization, and bioactivities of chitin and chitosan from insects
Autor: | Thirunavukkarasu Muralisankar, Kannan Mohan, Nagarajan Revathi, Venkatachalam Uthayakumar, Abirami Ramu Ganesan, Palanivel Sathishkumar, R. Jayakumar, Ramachandran Chandirasekar |
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Rok vydání: | 2020 |
Předmět: |
Food industry
Characterization media_common.quotation_subject Chitin Extraction Environmental pollution macromolecular substances 02 engineering and technology Insect Biology Polysaccharide Article Chitosan 03 medical and health sciences chemistry.chemical_compound Glucosamine 030304 developmental biology media_common chemistry.chemical_classification 0303 health sciences business.industry Biological activities fungi 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology Biotechnology Insects carbohydrates (lipids) chemistry Extraction methods 0210 nano-technology business Food Science |
Zdroj: | Trends in Food Science & Technology |
ISSN: | 0924-2244 |
Popis: | Background Insects are a living resource used for human nutrition, medicine, and industry. Several potential sources of proteins, peptides, and biopolymers, such as silk, chitin, and chitosan are utilized in industry and for biotechnology applications. Chitosan is an amino-polysaccharide derivative of chitin that consists of linear amino polysaccharides with d-glucosamine and N-acetyl-d-glucosamine units. Currently, the chief commercial sources of chitin and chitosan are crustacean shells that accumulate as a major waste product from the marine food industry. Existing chitin resources have some natural challenges, including insufficient supplies, seasonal availability, and environmental pollution. As an alternative, insects could be utilized as unconventional but feasible sources of chitin and chitosan. Scope and approach This review focuses on the recent sources of insect chitin and chitosan, particularly from the Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, Orthoptera, Hymenoptera, Diptera, Hemiptera, Dictyoptera, and Odonata orders. In addition, the extraction methods and physicochemical characteristics are discussed. Insect chitin and chitosan have numerous biological activities and could be used for food, biomedical, and industrial applications. Key findings and conclusions Recently, the invasive and harmful effects of insect species causing severe damage in agricultural crops has led to great economic losses globally. These dangerous species serve as potential sources of chitin and are underutilized worldwide. The conclusion of the present study provides better insight into the conversion of insect waste-derived chitin into value-added products as an alternative chitin source to address food security related challenges. Graphical abstract Image 1 Highlights • Extraction methods and structural characterization of chitin and chitosan from insects were summarised. • Biological activities of the insect chitin and chitosan were briefly discussed. • New perspectives for the future work of these polysaccharides were suggested. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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