Techno-economic Analysis of Sustainable Biofuels for Marine Transportation
| Autor: | Shuyun Li, Eric C. D. Tan, Abhijit Dutta, Lesley J. Snowden-Swan, Michael R. Thorson, Karthikeyan K. Ramasamy, Andrew W. Bartling, Robert Brasington, Michael D. Kass, George G. Zaimes, Troy R. Hawkins |
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| Rok vydání: | 2022 |
| Předmět: | |
| Zdroj: | Environmental Science & Technology. 56:17206-17214 |
| ISSN: | 1520-5851 0013-936X |
| Popis: | Renewable, low-carbon biofuels offer the potential opportunity to decarbonize marine transportation. This paper presents a comparative techno-economic analysis and process sustainability assessment of four conversion pathways: (1) hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) of wet wastes such as sewage sludge and manure; (2) fast pyrolysis of woody biomass; (3) landfill gas Fischer-Tropsch synthesis; and (4) lignin-ethanol oil from the lignocellulosic ethanol biorefinery utilizing reductive catalytic fractionation. These alternative marine biofuels have a modeled minimum fuel selling price between $1.68 and $3.98 per heavy fuel oil gallon equivalent in 2016 U.S. dollars based on a mature plant assessment. The selected pathways also exhibit good process sustainability performance in terms of water intensity compared to the petroleum refineries. Further, the O and S contents of the biofuels vary widely. While the non-HTL biofuels exhibit negligible S content, the raw biocrudes |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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