Identification and characterisation of SARS-CoV-2 and Human alphaherpesvirus 1 from a productive coinfection in a fatal COVID-19 case
| Autor: | Alice Laschuk Herlinger, Fábio Luís Lima Monteiro, Mirela D’arc, Filipe Romero Rebello Moreira, Harrison James Westgarth, Rafael Mello Galliez, Diana Mariani, Luciana Jesus da Costa, Luiz Gonzaga Paula de Almeida, Carolina Moreira Voloch, Covid19-UFRJ Workgroup, Adriana Suely de Oliveira Melo, Renato Santana de Aguiar, André Felipe Andrade dos Santos, Terezinha Marta Pereira Pinto Castiñeiras, Ana Tereza Ribeiro de Vasconcelos, Esaú Custódio João Filho, Claudia Caminha Escosteguy, Orlando da Costa Ferreira Junior, Amilcar Tanuri, Luiza Mendonça Higa |
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| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: | |
| Zdroj: | Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz., Vol 116 (2022) |
| ISSN: | 1678-8060 0074-0276 |
| DOI: | 10.1590/0074-02760210176 |
| Popis: | BACKGROUND During routine Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) diagnosis, an unusually high viral load was detected by reverse transcription real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) in a nasopharyngeal swab sample collected from a patient with respiratory and neurological symptoms who rapidly succumbed to the disease. Therefore we sought to characterise the infection. OBJECTIVES We aimed to determine and characterise the etiological agent responsible for the poor outcome. METHODS Classical virological methods, such as plaque assay and plaque reduction neutralisation test combined with amplicon-based sequencing, as well as a viral metagenomic approach, were performed to characterise the etiological agents of the infection. FINDINGS Plaque assay revealed two distinct plaque phenotypes, suggesting either the presence of two severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) strains or a productive coinfection of two different species of virus. Amplicon-based sequencing did not support the presence of any SARS-CoV-2 genetic variants that would explain the high viral load and suggested the presence of a single SARS-CoV-2 strain. Nonetheless, the viral metagenomic analysis revealed that Coronaviridae and Herpesviridae were the predominant virus families within the sample. This finding was confirmed by a plaque reduction neutralisation test and PCR. MAIN CONCLUSIONS We characterised a productive coinfection of SARS-CoV-2 and Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) in a patient with severe symptoms that succumbed to the disease. Although we cannot establish the causal relationship between the coinfection and the severity of the clinical case, this work serves as a warning for future studies focused on the interplay between SARS-CoV-2 and HSV-1 coinfection and COVID-19 severity. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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