Safety and Tolerability of Antiretroviral Therapy Among HIV-Infected Children And Adolescents In UGANDA
| Autor: | Vincent J. Tukei, Rita Atugonza, Israel Kalyesubula, Alice Asiimwe, Isaac Sebuliba, Phillipa Musoke, Adeodata Kekitiinwa, Sabrina Bakeera-Kitaka, Albert Maganda |
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| Rok vydání: | 2012 |
| Předmět: |
Pediatrics
medicine.medical_specialty Nevirapine Efavirenz Adolescent Anti-HIV Agents Population HIV Infections Kaplan-Meier Estimate Cohort Studies chemistry.chemical_compound Surveys and Questionnaires medicine Humans Uganda Pharmacology (medical) Child Adverse effect education education.field_of_study business.industry Stavudine HIV Infant Lamivudine Surgery Infectious Diseases Tolerability chemistry Child Preschool business medicine.drug Cohort study |
| Zdroj: | JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes. 59:274-280 |
| ISSN: | 1525-4135 |
| DOI: | 10.1097/qai.0b013e3182423668 |
| Popis: | Background Antiretroviral therapy (ART) is known to cause a number of adverse effects. The objective of this study was to determine the frequency and outcome of ART-related adverse events among patients aged 6 weeks to 18 years. Methods We followed up a cohort of 378 HIV-infected children and adolescents who started ART at the Baylor-Uganda Clinic during the period July 2004 to July 2009. Patients were started on zidovudine or stavudine, plus lamivudine, and efavirenz or nevirapine. Adverse events were recorded as they occurred. Descriptive analyses and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis were carried out. Results Of 126 adverse events reported among 107 (28.3%) patients, dizziness (17.5%), diarrhea (13.5%), and nausea and vomiting (14.3%) were the most frequent. Anxiety/night mares, skin rashes, nail discoloration, and lipodystrophy each contributed between 5% and 10%; whereas anorexia, abdominal pain, hepatitis, and somnolence contributed 1%-5%. Amnesia, lactic acidosis, gynaecomastia, cardiomyopathy, and peripheral neuropathy were rare, each contributing less than 1% of the total events. The overall probability of remaining free of adverse events was 77.1% (95% confidence interval: 72.38 to 81.13) at month 6 of ART.Among infants and young children, neurologic events could not be determined. Laboratory abnormalities were present at baseline and during follow-up, and hemoglobin levels increased significantly during the first 6 months of ART. There was no association between adverse events and baseline patient characteristics. Conclusion Close to one-third of children on ART experience adverse events. Most events occur within the first 3 months of ART and are not associated with baseline patient characteristics. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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