Tryptophan Metabolism and Its Relationship with Depression and Cognitive Impairment Among HIV-infected Individuals

Autor: Ronald J. Ellis, Adriano Boasso, Seetharamaiah Chittiprol, Jennifer E. Iudicello, Alan Winston, Dietmar Fuchs, Scott Letendre, Michael R. Keegan
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2016
Předmět:
EFFECTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY
TYPE-1 INFECTION
Bioinformatics
Logistic regression
Biochemistry
lcsh:Physiology
IDO
Pathogenesis
chemistry.chemical_compound
0302 clinical medicine
QUALITY-OF-LIFE
lcsh:QD415-436
030212 general & internal medicine
Original Research
medicine.diagnostic_test
lcsh:QP1-981
Neopterin
Neuropsychological test
3. Good health
QUINOLINIC ACID
HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS
depression
symbols
Major depressive disorder
Life Sciences & Biomedicine
CEREBROSPINAL-FLUID CONCENTRATIONS
medicine.medical_specialty
lcsh:Biochemistry
03 medical and health sciences
symbols.namesake
Internal medicine
medicine
tryptophan
Molecular Biology
cognitive impairment
Science & Technology
business.industry
NEUROCOGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT
CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM
Neurosciences
HIV
medicine.disease
AIDS DEMENTIA COMPLEX
kynurenine
IMMUNE ACTIVATION
Bonferroni correction
Endocrinology
chemistry
Serotonin
Neurosciences & Neurology
business
030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Kynurenine
Zdroj: International Journal of Tryptophan Research : IJTR
International Journal of Tryptophan Research, Vol 9 (2016)
International Journal of Tryptophan Research, Vol 2016, Iss 9, Pp 79-88 (2016)
ISSN: 1178-6469
Popis: ObjectiveCognitive impairment (CI) and major depressive disorder (MDD) remain prevalent in treated HIV-1 disease; however, the pathogenesis remains elusive. A possible contributing mechanism is immune-mediated degradation of tryptophan (TRP) via the kynurenine (KYN) pathway, resulting in decreased production of serotonin and accumulation of TRP degradation products. We explored the association of these biochemical pathways and their relationship with CI and MDD in HIV-positive (HIV+) individuals.MethodsIn a cross-sectional analysis, concentrations of neopterin (NEO), tumor necrosis factor-alpha, TRP, KYN, KYN/TRP ratio, phenylalanine (PHE), tyrosine (TYR), PHE/TYR ratio, and nitrite were assessed in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma of HIV+( n = 91) and HIV-negative (HIV-) individuals ( n = 66). CI and MDD were assessed via a comprehensive neuropsychological test battery. A Global Deficit Score ≥0.5 was defined as CI. Nonparametric statistical analyses included Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney U tests, and multivariate logistic regression.ResultsFollowing Bonferroni correction, NEO concentrations were found to be greater in CSF and TRP concentration was found to be lower in the plasma of HIV+ versus HIV– individuals, including a subgroup of aviremic (defined as HIV-1 RNA ConclusionsWe observed a trend toward lower KYN/TRP ratios in aviremic HIV+ patients with CI and MDD.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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