Polyploidy underlies co-option and diversification of biosynthetic triterpene pathways in the apple tribe
| Autor: | Levi Yant, Yuanyuan Jiang, Yuexue Liu, Yongshun Gao, Zongli Liu, Huicong Wang, Zhike Zhang, Zhenhua Liu, Ting Long, Hailan Lin, Hailan Zhang, Shoukai Lin, Jincheng Wu, Zhen Yue, Yi Jing, Jiabao Xu, Rui Xia, Jiaojiao Zhu, Shunquan Lin, Xianghui Yang, Ning An, Wenbing Su, Yuan Yuan, Haixin Chen, Ling Zhang, Yanping Hong |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Gillenia trifoliata
Plant Biology apple tribe comparative genomics Tribe (biology) Maleae triterpene biosynthesis Polyploidy Gene Duplication Gene duplication evolution Comparative genomics Plant evolution Multidisciplinary biology food and beverages Biological Sciences biology.organism_classification Triterpenes Biosynthetic Pathways Metabolic pathway Eriobotrya Evolutionary biology Function (biology) Genome Plant |
| Zdroj: | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences |
| ISSN: | 0027-8424 1091-6490 |
| Popis: | Significance Plants are a primary source of both traditional and modern drugs due to their astounding capability to synthesize diverse molecules. The fruit tree loquat in the apple tribe has been long used in medicine to treat cough, chronic bronchitis, and asthma, yet why loquat—but not its relatives—evolved these medicinal properties is unknown. Here, we generate high-quality genomes of loquat and a relative, which are separated by a recent whole-genome duplication (WGD) around 13.5 to 27.1 Mya. We revealed the post-WGD diversification of triterpene biosynthesis and the exceptionally high levels of bioactive ursane-type triterpenes specifically in loquat. Our work underscores the importance of WGD-associated metabolic diversification underlying the bioactivity of some medicinal plants. Whole-genome duplication (WGD) plays important roles in plant evolution and function, yet little is known about how WGD underlies metabolic diversification of natural products that bear significant medicinal properties, especially in nonmodel trees. Here, we reveal how WGD laid the foundation for co-option and differentiation of medicinally important ursane triterpene pathway duplicates, generating distinct chemotypes between species and between developmental stages in the apple tribe. After generating chromosome-level assemblies of a widely cultivated loquat variety and Gillenia trifoliata, we define differentially evolved, duplicated gene pathways and date the WGD in the apple tribe at 13.5 to 27.1 Mya, much more recent than previously thought. We then functionally characterize contrasting metabolic pathways responsible for major triterpene biosynthesis in G. trifoliata and loquat, which pre- and postdate the Maleae WGD, respectively. Our work mechanistically details the metabolic diversity that arose post-WGD and provides insights into the genomic basis of medicinal properties of loquat, which has been used in both traditional and modern medicines. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|