Optical topometry and machine learning to rapidly phenotype stomatal patterning traits for maize QTL mapping
| Autor: | Andrew D. B. Leakey, Samuel Fernandes, Alexander E. Lipka, Min Choi, Jiayang Xie, Gorka Erice, Dustin Mayfield-Jones |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
0106 biological sciences
0301 basic medicine Regular Issue AcademicSubjects/SCI01280 Physiology Quantitative Trait Loci Plant Science Biology Quantitative trait locus Genes Plant 01 natural sciences Zea mays Machine Learning 03 medical and health sciences Pleiotropy Arabidopsis Genetics Arabidopsis thaliana Ecophysiology and Sustainability Gene Research Articles Pavement cells AcademicSubjects/SCI01270 AcademicSubjects/SCI02288 AcademicSubjects/SCI02287 AcademicSubjects/SCI02286 Botany food and beverages Chromosome Mapping Heritability biology.organism_classification Phenotype 030104 developmental biology Plant Stomata 010606 plant biology & botany |
| Zdroj: | Plant Physiology |
| ISSN: | 1532-2548 0032-0889 |
| Popis: | Stomata are adjustable pores on leaf surfaces that regulate the tradeoff of CO2 uptake with water vapor loss, thus having critical roles in controlling photosynthetic carbon gain and plant water use. The lack of easy, rapid methods for phenotyping epidermal cell traits have limited discoveries about the genetic basis of stomatal patterning. A high-throughput epidermal cell phenotyping pipeline is presented here and used for quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping in field-grown maize (Zea mays). The locations and sizes of stomatal complexes and pavement cells on images acquired by an optical topometer from mature leaves were automatically determined. Computer estimated stomatal complex density (SCD; R2 = 0.97) and stomatal complex area (SCA; R2 = 0.71) were strongly correlated with human measurements. Leaf gas exchange traits were genetically correlated with the dimensions and proportions of stomatal complexes (rg = 0.39–0.71) but did not correlate with SCD. Heritability of epidermal traits was moderate to high (h2 = 0.42–0.82) across two field seasons. Thirty-six QTL were consistently identified for a given trait in both years. Twenty-four clusters of overlapping QTL for multiple traits were identified, with univariate versus multivariate single marker analysis providing evidence consistent with pleiotropy in multiple cases. Putative orthologs of genes known to regulate stomatal patterning in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) were located within some, but not all, of these regions. This study demonstrates how discovery of the genetic basis for stomatal patterning can be accelerated in maize, a C4 model species where these processes are poorly understood. Optical topometry and machine learning tools allow assessment of epidermal cell patterning and analysis of its genetic architecture alongside leaf photosynthetic gas exchange in maize. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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