Polybromodiphenyl ether flame retardants in fish from lakes in European high mountains and Greenland
| Autor: | Damià Barceló, Ingrid Vives, B.O. Rosseland, and Miriam Guillamón, Joan O. Grimalt, Silvia Lacorte |
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| Rok vydání: | 2004 |
| Předmět: |
Pollution
PBDEs Trout Sentinel species media_common.quotation_subject Greenland Polybrominated Biphenyls Muscle fish Brown trout Arctic char European high mountains Environmental Chemistry Animals Tissue Distribution Retardants Salmo Muscle Skeletal media_common Salvelinus Flame Retardants biology Ecology Chemistry Altitude Age Factors Polybromodiphenyl ethers General Chemistry biology.organism_classification Liver fish Europe Fontinalis Liver Environmental chemistry Water Pollutants Chemical Environmental Monitoring Ethers |
| Zdroj: | Digital.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC instname |
| ISSN: | 0013-936X |
| Popis: | 7 pages, 3 figures, 4 tables.-- PMID: 15116838 [PubMed].-- Printed version published Apr 14, 2004. Individual polybromodiphenyl ethers (PBDEs) were investigated in liver and muscle tissue of trout from 11 high mountain lakes in Europe and one in Greenland. Trouts in these lakes [brown trout (Salmo trutta), brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) and arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus)] are important sentinel species because they are located in the top of the food chain and pollution can only reach these ecosystems by atmospheric transport. The major PBDE congeners were BDE 47 and BDE 99, followed by BDE 100, BDE 153, BDE 154, and BDE 28. These compounds were found in all the samples examined. Their average concentrations [110−1300 and 69−730 pg g-1 wet weight (ww) in liver and muscle or 2400−40 000 and 2900−41 000 pg g-1 lipid weight (lw), respectively] were in the lower range when compared with those of fish from other less remote locations. The highest levels of PBDEs in liver and muscle are found in Lochnagar, Scotland: 11 000 and 1200 pg g-1 ww, respectively (366 000 and 177 000 pg g-1 lw, respectively). Male specimens exhibited higher PBDE concentrations in liver than female. The concentra tions of most PBDEs in liver were correlated with fish age (p < 0.01) and, inversely, with condition factor (p < 0.01). Muscle PBDE concentrations did not correlate with age, and only some congeners showed significant positive correlations with condition factor (p < 0.05). The main differences between species were found in the accumulation of the more abundant PBDEs, brook trout showing the highest concentrations in muscle and the lowest in liver. No correlation between the occurrence of these compounds in high mountain fish and altitude, latitude, or temperature was observed. This fact and the lack of correlation between muscle concentrations and age suggest that the fluxes of PBDEs arriving at high mountain lakes are still not constant. In view of the present use of these compounds, they are probably increasing. Financial support from the EU Projects MOLAR and EMERGE is acknowledged. I.V. thanks Generalitat de Catalunya for a Ph.D. fellowship and acknowledges Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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