Virological and immunological failure of HAART and associated risk factors among adults and adolescents in the Tigray region of Northern Ethiopia
| Autor: | Amlsha Kahsay Hagos, Dawit Gebregziabher Hagos, Genet Gebrehiwet Hailu, Tsehaye Asmelash Dejene, Araya Gebreyesus Wasihun |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
RNA viruses Bacterial Diseases Male lcsh:Medicine HIV Infections Logistic regression Pathology and Laboratory Medicine 0302 clinical medicine Quality of life Immunodeficiency Viruses Risk Factors Antiretroviral Therapy Highly Active Medicine and Health Sciences Medicine Public and Occupational Health 030212 general & internal medicine Young adult Child lcsh:Science Multidisciplinary Viral Load Middle Aged Vaccination and Immunization Medical Microbiology Viral Pathogens Viruses Infectious diseases Human Immunodeficiency Virus RNA Female Pathogens Viral load Research Article Adult medicine.medical_specialty Tuberculosis Adolescent 030106 microbiology Immunology Antiretroviral Therapy Viral diseases Opportunistic Infections Microbiology 03 medical and health sciences Young Adult Extraction techniques Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) Antiviral Therapy Internal medicine Virology Retroviruses Highly-Active Antiretroviral Therapy Humans Microbial Pathogens Retrospective Studies business.industry Lentivirus lcsh:R Organisms Biology and Life Sciences HIV Retrospective cohort study medicine.disease Tropical Diseases RNA extraction Research and analysis methods Co-Infections Quality of Life lcsh:Q Preventive Medicine Ethiopia business Viral Transmission and Infection |
| Zdroj: | PLoS ONE, Vol 13, Iss 5, p e0196259 (2018) PLoS ONE |
| ISSN: | 1932-6203 |
| Popis: | Background Human immunodeficiency virus/Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome associated morbidity and mortality has reduced significantly since the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy. As a result of increasing access to highly active antiretroviral therapy, the survival and quality of life of the patients has significantly improved globally. Despite this promising result, regular monitoring of people on antiretroviral therapy is recommended to ensure whether there is an effective treatment response or not. This study was designed to assess virological and immunological failure of highly active antiretroviral therapy users among adults and adolescents in the Tigray region of Northern Ethiopia, where scanty data are available. Methods A retrospective follow up study was conducted from September 1 to December 30, 2016 to assess the magnitude and factors associated with virological and immunological failure among 260 adults and adolescents highly active antiretroviral therapy users who started first line ART between January 1, 2008 to March 1, 2016. A standardized questionnaire was used to collect socio-demographic and clinical data. SPSS Version21 statistical software was used for analysis. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify factors associated to virological and immunological failure. Statistical association was declared significant if p-value was ≤ 0.05. Result A total of 30 (11.5%) and 17 (6.5%) participants experienced virological and immunological failure respectively in a median time of 36 months of highly active antiretroviral therapy. Virological failure was associated with non-adherence to medications, aged < 40 years old, having CD4+ T-cells count < 250 cells/μL and male gender. Similarly, immunological failure was associated with non-adherence, tuberculosis co-infection and Human immunodeficiency virus RNA ≥1000 copies/mL. Conclusions The current result shows that immunological and virological failure is a problem in a setting where highly active antiretroviral therapy has been largely scale up. The problem is more in patients with poor adherence. This will in turn affect the global targets of 90% viral suppression by 2020. This may indicate the need for more investment and commitment to improving patient adherence in the study area. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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