Antimicrobial host defense in the upper gastrointestinal tract
| Autor: | Christian Schäfer, K. Saigenji, Jan Wehkamp, Guoxing Wang, Eduard F. Stange, Maureen J. Koslowski, Miriam Schlee, Sabine Nuding, Yoshio Hosaka |
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| Rok vydání: | 2008 |
| Předmět: |
Paneth Cells
alpha-Defensins beta-Defensins medicine.medical_treatment Antimicrobial peptides Biology S100 Calcium Binding Protein A7 Microbiology Cathelicidin Defensins Upper Gastrointestinal Tract Esophagus Cathelicidins Candida albicans Escherichia coli medicine Humans RNA Messenger Defensin Hepatology Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction Calcium-Binding Proteins S100 Proteins Stomach Gastroenterology biology.organism_classification Antimicrobial Corpus albicans Elafin Gastric Mucosa Carrier Proteins Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides |
| Zdroj: | European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology. 20:1151-1158 |
| ISSN: | 0954-691X |
| DOI: | 10.1097/meg.0b013e3283052ddb |
| Popis: | BACKGROUND With the exception of fungi, microbial infections are rare in the oesophagus. Herein, we aimed to systematically assess the distribution and quantity of different antimicrobial host factors as well as, for the first time, functional mucosal antimicrobial activity in the upper gastrointestinal tract. METHODS We investigated biopsies from the healthy oesophagus, three different locations in the stomach and the duodenum in a total of 12 individuals. Using real-time PCR with external standards, we compared absolute expression of mRNA encoding antimicrobial peptides including defensins, cathelicidin, bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein, psoriasin, and elafin. In addition, we performed immunostaining for human-beta-defensin-1 (HBD1), elafin, and psoriasin. To test functional relevance, we assessed antimicrobial as well as antifungal activity of cationic extracts from biopsies against E. coli ATCC 25922 and a clinical isolate of Candida albicans. RESULTS In contrast to HBD1 which was similarly expressed in all tissues, inducible beta-defensins in the healthy oesophagus were much higher compared with the stomach and duodenum (for HBD2-4: P |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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