Is a verification phase useful for confirming maximal oxygen uptake in apparently healthy adults? A systematic review and meta-analysis

Autor: Felipe A. Cunha, Adrian W. Midgley, Todd A. Astorino, Sean Carroll, Tainah de Paula, Victor A. B. Costa, Paulo de Tarso Veras Farinatti
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2021
Předmět:
Physical fitness
Social Sciences
Database and Informatics Methods
Mathematical and Statistical Techniques
Heart Rate
Medicine and Health Sciences
Psychology
Public and Occupational Health
Database Searching
Treadmill
Multidisciplinary
Statistics
VO2 max
Metaanalysis
Research Assessment
Middle Aged
Sports Science
Chemistry
Meta-analysis
Physical Sciences
Cardiology
Medicine
Research Article
Chemical Elements
Adult
medicine.medical_specialty
Funnel plot
Systematic Reviews
Concordance
Science
Research and Analysis Methods
Young Adult
Oxygen Consumption
Internal medicine
medicine
Humans
Sports and Exercise Medicine
Statistical Methods
Exercise
Behavior
business.industry
Biology and Life Sciences
Cardiorespiratory fitness
Physical Activity
Publication bias
Oxygen
Physical Fitness
Exercise Test
Sedentary Behavior
business
human activities
Mathematics
Zdroj: PLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 2, p e0247057 (2021)
PLoS ONE
ISSN: 1932-6203
Popis: Background The ‘verification phase’ has emerged as a supplementary procedure to traditional maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) criteria to confirm that the highest possible VO2 has been attained during a cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET). Objective To compare the highest VO2 responses observed in different verification phase procedures with their preceding CPET for confirmation that VO2max was likely attained. Methods MEDLINE (accessed through PubMed), Web of Science, SPORTDiscus, and Cochrane (accessed through Wiley) were searched for relevant studies that involved apparently healthy adults, VO2max determination by indirect calorimetry, and a CPET on a cycle ergometer or treadmill that incorporated an appended verification phase. RevMan 5.3 software was used to analyze the pooled effect of the CPET and verification phase on the highest mean VO2. Meta-analysis effect size calculations incorporated random-effects assumptions due to the diversity of experimental protocols employed. I2 was calculated to determine the heterogeneity of VO2 responses, and a funnel plot was used to check the risk of bias, within the mean VO2 responses from the primary studies. Subgroup analyses were used to test the moderator effects of sex, cardiorespiratory fitness, exercise modality, CPET protocol, and verification phase protocol. Results Eighty studies were included in the systematic review (total sample of 1,680 participants; 473 women; age 19–68 yr.; VO2max 3.3 ± 1.4 L/min or 46.9 ± 12.1 mL·kg-1·min-1). The highest mean VO2 values attained in the CPET and verification phase were similar in the 54 studies that were meta-analyzed (mean difference = 0.03 [95% CI = -0.01 to 0.06] L/min, P = 0.15). Furthermore, the difference between the CPET and verification phase was not affected by any of the potential moderators such as verification phase intensity (P = 0.11), type of recovery utilized (P = 0.36), VO2max verification criterion adoption (P = 0.29), same or alternate day verification procedure (P = 0.21), verification-phase duration (P = 0.35), or even according to sex, cardiorespiratory fitness level, exercise modality, and CPET protocol (P = 0.18 to P = 0.71). The funnel plot indicated that there was no significant publication bias. Conclusions The verification phase seems a robust procedure to confirm that the highest possible VO2 has been attained during a ramp or continuous step-incremented CPET. However, given the high concordance between the highest mean VO2 achieved in the CPET and verification phase, findings from the current study would question its necessity in all testing circumstances. PROSPERO Registration ID CRD42019123540.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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