Water Treatment: Are Membranes the Panacea?
| Autor: | Rahul Sujanani, Lewis Stetson Rowles, Lynn E. Katz, Matthew R. Landsman, Carolyn M. Cooper, Samuel H. Brodfuehrer, Kevin K. Reimund, R. Justin Davis, Cameron P. Oden, Desmond F. Lawler, Lauren K. Nalley, Benny D. Freeman, Kyung Tae Kim, Sheik M. Nomaan, Addison G. Darr, Soyoon Kum, Seulki Yeo, Akhilesh Paspureddi |
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| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
Conservation of Natural Resources
Renewable Energy Sustainability and the Environment Natural resource economics business.industry General Chemical Engineering Water Membranes Artificial Nutrients 02 engineering and technology General Chemistry 010501 environmental sciences 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology 01 natural sciences Produced water Water Purification Water demand Panacea (medicine) Agriculture Metals Heavy Water chemistry Salts Water treatment Business 0210 nano-technology 0105 earth and related environmental sciences |
| Zdroj: | Annual Review of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering. 11:559-585 |
| ISSN: | 1947-5446 1947-5438 |
| DOI: | 10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-111919-091940 |
| Popis: | Alongside the rising global water demand, continued stress on current water supplies has sparked interest in using nontraditional source waters for energy, agriculture, industry, and domestic needs. Membrane technologies have emerged as one of the most promising approaches to achieve water security, but implementation of membrane processes for increasingly complex waters remains a challenge. The technical feasibility of membrane processes replacing conventional treatment of alternative water supplies (e.g., wastewater, seawater, and produced water) is considered in the context of typical and emerging water quality goals. This review considers the effectiveness of current technologies (both conventional and membrane based), as well as the potential for recent advancements in membrane research to achieve these water quality goals. We envision the future of water treatment to integrate advanced membranes (e.g., mixed-matrix membranes, block copolymers) into smart treatment trains that achieve several goals, including fit-for-purpose water generation, resource recovery, and energy conservation. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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